Fundamentals of Management, 8th ed



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Part 4: Leading

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training or replace the worker. If there is a resource problem, the manager can correct it.

But, if motivation is the problem, the task for the manager is more challenging.

3

Individ-


ual behavior is a complex phenomenon, and the manager may be hard pressed to figure

out the precise nature of the problem and how to solve it. Thus, motivation is important

because of its significance as a determinant of performance and because of its intangible

character.

4

The motivation framework in Figure 10.1 is a good starting point for understanding



how motivated behavior occurs. The motivation process begins with a need deficiency.

For example, when a worker feels that she is underpaid, she experiences a need for

more income. In response, the worker searches for ways to satisfy the need, such as

working harder to try to earn a raise or seeking a new job. Next, she chooses an option

to pursue. After carrying out the chosen option—working harder and putting in more

hours for a reasonable period of time, for example—she then evaluates her success. If

her hard work resulted in a pay raise, she probably feels good about things and will

continue to work hard. But, if no raise has been provided, she is likely to try another

option.

CONTENT PERSPECTIVES ON MOTIVATION

Content perspectives on motivation deal with the first part of the motivation process—

needs and need deficiencies. More specifically,




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