Fundamentals of Management, 8th ed


emotional intelligence (EQ)



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management english

emotional

intelligence (EQ)

The extent to which

people are self-

aware, manage their

emotions, motivate

themselves, express

empathy for others,

and possess social

skills

self-esteem

The extent to which a

person believes that

he or she is a

worthwhile and

deserving individual



risk propensity

The degree to which

an individual is

willing to take

chances and make

risky decisions



268

Part 4: Leading

Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).

Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.



ATTITUDES AND INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR

Another important element of individual behavior in organizations is



attitudes

complexes of beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas, situations, or



other people. Attitudes are important because they are the mechanism through which

most people express their feelings. An employee’s statement that he feels underpaid by

the organization reflects his feelings about his pay. Similarly, when a manager says that

she likes the new advertising campaign, she is expressing her feelings about the organiza-

tion’s marketing efforts.

Attitudes have three components. The affective component of an attitude reflects

feelings and emotions an individual has toward a situation. The cognitive component

of an attitude is derived from knowledge an individual has about a situation. It is important

to note that cognition is subject to individual perceptions (something we discuss more fully

later). Thus, one person might “know” that a certain political candidate is better than

another, whereas someone else might “know” just the opposite. Finally, the intentional com-

ponent of an attitude reflects how an individual expects to behave toward or in the situation.

To illustrate these three components, consider the case of a manager who places

an order for some supplies for his organization from a new office supply firm.

Suppose many of the items he orders are out of stock, others are overpriced, and

still others arrive damaged. When he calls someone at the supply firm for assistance,

he is treated rudely and gets disconnected before his claim is resolved. When asked

how he feels about the new office supply firm, he might respond, “I don’t like that

company [affective component]. They are the worst office supply firm I’ve ever dealt

with [cognitive component]. I’ll never do business with them again [intentional

component].” The “Sustainability Matters” section explores the potential link between

recycling behaviors and attitudes.

People try to maintain consistency among the three components of their attitudes as

well as among all their attitudes. However, circumstances sometimes arise that lead to con-

flicts. The conflict individuals may experience among their own attitudes is called




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