Fundamentals of Management, 8th ed

organizational

commitment

An attitude that

reflects an

individual’s

identification with

and attachment to

the organization

itself

positive affectivity

A tendency to be

relatively upbeat and

optimistic, have an

overall sense of well-

being, see things in a

positive light, and

seem to be in a good

mood

negative affectivity

A tendency to be

generally downbeat

and pessimistic, see

things in a negative

way, and seem to be

in a bad mood

Chapter 9: Basic Elements of Individual Behavior in Organizations

2 7 1

Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).

Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.

---

PERCEPTION AND INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR

As noted earlier, an important element of an attitude is the individual’s perception of the

object about which the attitude is formed. Because perception plays a role in a variety

of other workplace behaviors, managers need to have a general understanding of basic

perceptual processes.

27

The role of attributions is also important.