Fundamentals of Management, 8th ed



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Benchmarking

Benchmarking

is the process of learning how other firms do things

in an exceptionally high-quality manner. Some approaches to benchmarking are simple

and straightforward. For example, Canon routinely buys copiers made by other firms

and takes them apart to see how they work. This enables the firm to stay abreast of

improvements and changes its competitors are using. When Ford was planning the

newest version of the Focus, it identified the 400 features that customers identified as

value-added

analysis

The comprehensive

evaluation of all work

activities, materials

flows, and

paperwork to

determine the value

that they add for

customers

benchmarking

The process of

learning how other

firms do things in an

exceptionally high-

quality manner



476

Part 5: Controlling

Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).

Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.



being most important to them. It then found the competing cars that did the best job on

each feature. Ford’s goal was to equal or surpass each of its competitors on those 400

features. Other benchmarking strategies are more indirect. For example, many firms

study how Amazon manages its online retail business, how Disney recruits and trains

employees, and how FedEx tracks packages for applications they can employ in their

own businesses.

26

Outsourcing

Another innovation for improving quality is



outsourcing

, which is the

process of subcontracting services and operations to other firms that can perform them

cheaper or better. If a business performs each and every one of its own administrative

and business services and operations, it is almost certain to be doing at least some of

them in an inefficient or low-quality manner. If those areas can be identified and out-

sourced, the firm will save money and realize a higher-quality service or operation.

27

For example, until recently, Eastman Kodak handled all its own computing operations.



Now, however, those operations are subcontracted to IBM, which handles all Kodak’s

computing. The result is higher-quality computing systems and operations at Kodak

for less money than it was spending before. Firms must be careful in their outsourcing

decisions, though, because service or delivery problems can lead to major complica-

tions. As noted earlier, Boeing’s new 787 aircraft is years behind schedule because the

firms to which Boeing outsourced some of its production were not adequately

coordinated.


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