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also Italian racism
“Radio of Vengeance and Sacred Hate,”
311
Rahn, 149–50
Ramadan, 87, 292
Ramadan, Huwayda ῾Abd al-῾Aẓim, 227
Al-Rashid, Harun, 243
Ratnik, 65
Rayya, Shaḥata, 237
Reconciliation: diplomatic, 322; inter-
group, 294; Muslim with Israel, 321;
quest for, 295
Red Crescent Society, 32, 41, 44
Red Fezes, 176, 178, 186
Reform Jews, 238
Relationship building, 295
Religion, 43; conflict management and,
289; coreligionists, 6, 31, 52; discrimi-
nation, 56, 241; German Jews educa-
tion, 86; German Turks education, 86;
identity and, 289, 296; Libyan Jews,
187, 192, 193; Libyan Muslims practice,
192; Middle East divisions, 297; Muslim
attitudes toward, 130–33; Ottomanism
and, 19; Russia polices, 203; students,
291; Yemeni Muslims, 130–33. See also
Christians; Interreligious dialogue;
Islam; Judaism
Religious freedom, 207
Republic (Plato), 260–61
Research: Egyptian historiography
motivation, 228–30; Israeli-Palestinian
conflict results and processes, 290–91;
Society for Israeli-Egyptian Research,
239
Revolutionary Committees, 319–20
“The Ring,” 281
Riots: against Libyan Jews, 178–80, 182;
against Morocco Jews, 163, 167
Ritualized violence, 34–36, 48n29
Roche, Jack, 107
Rodna Zashtita, 65
Roman Empire, 233
Romania, 6; anti-Jewish laws, 62; anti-
Semitism, 62–63; Balkan Jews, 62–64;
Balkan Muslims, 62–64; non-Muslims,
63
Ronen, Yehudit, 13, 306–22
Rosh, Leah, 82
Index · 349
Rosh Hashanah, 292
Ross, Marc, 296
Al-Rukub, Saleḥ, 233
Runge, Irene, 89
Russia, 79; antireligious polices, 203;
colonialism, 201–2; Ottoman-Russian
War of 1877-1878, 54–56, 64; synagogue
closing, 203; Uzbekistan incorporation,
213, 219. See also Soviet Union
Russian Jews, 79
Russo, Nissim, 25
Rutland, Suzanne, 6–8, 97–117
Sabah, 42
Sabbath: Libyan Jews and, 192; Yemeni
Muslims and, 132–33
Sadat, Anwar, 170, 294–95
Al-Sākakīnī, Khalīl, 265
Saladin, 243
Salihm, Stephan, 263
Salonica, 5, 6; claims of peace, 30; Greek
Orthodox in, 46n4; Greek prisoners,
35–37; intercommunal relations, 35; Ot-
toman Jews, 30–37, 45, 46n1, 46n2. See
also La Epoka; Le Journal de Salonique
Samaritans, 232
Santa Catherina, 244, 252n38
Ṣanu῾a, Ya῾akov, 247
Al-Sanusi, Idris, 308
Saranga, Carmela, 12, 270–84
Sart, 202
Sasoon, Ezekiel, 25
Saudi Peace Initiative, 317
Saunders, Harold, 295
Al-Sayyid, ῾Ali Isma ῾il, 238
Schools: ACU, 115–16; Bar-Ilan University,
290, 292–93, 297; Benghazi Hebrew
School, 188; Imperial Medical School,
21; Mikveh Israel school, 151–52,
268n26; non-Muslim, 21; Ottoman
Empire, 23–24; Peace Studies Program,
Norte Dame University, 290; Talmud,
240–41; University of Jordan, 257.
See also Alliance Israélite Universelle;
Education
Schroeter, Daniel J., 8–9, 143–56
Schwartz, David, 292
Schwartz, Stephen, 62
Second Lebanese War, 104–5
Security: BMA lacking, 181; in Izmir, 38; of
Libyan Jews, 177–84
Seleqṣeqa (quota system), 154–55
Self, 278
Seljuki ruels, 68n3
Sephardi Jews, 52, 62
September, 2001 terrorist attacks, 7, 117,
317
September 11, 2001 fallout: anti-Semitism,
80–84; Australia Jews, 110; Australia
Muslims, 102–3; German Jews, 80–84;
German Turks, 80–84; racism, 80–84
Serbia, 55; anti-Jewish laws, 60–61; anti-
Semitism, 60–61; Balkan Jews, 60–62;
Balkan Muslims, 60–62; independence,
60; Muslim genocide, 61; in World War
II, 61
Serbian rebellions of 1806-1807, 55
Seyit, Kuranda, 113
Shabazi, Shalom, 136
Shahin, Maqaryus, 228
Shalabi, Aḥmad, 227, 245
Shalash, ῾Ali, 227, 239, 246–49
Shalgi, Ilan, 321
Shalquam, ῾Abd al-Rahman, 321
Shar῾abi, Reuben, 132
Sharaby, Rachel, 12, 270–84
Sha῾rawi, Hoda, 165
Sharia law, 101, 130, 241
Sharifian Sultanate, 8
Sharon, Ariel, 321
Shealtiel, Shlomo, 54
Sheḥita, 79, 87
Shinui Party, 321
Shivat Zion, 232
Shukr Kuhayl I, 133
Shukr Kuhayl II, 133
Shweika, Zaki, 248
Simon, Rachel, 9–10, 173–95
Sivan, Emanuel, 229
Six Day War of June 1967, 182, 191, 308
Slavery, 178
Slotki, Naomi, 292
Slouschz, Nahum, 147, 152
Sneh, Ephraim, 321
Society for Israeli-Egyptian Research, 239
Solomon, 237
350 · Index
Sons of Moses, 233
Sorcery, 133–35
Sousa, Aḥmad, 237
South Africa, 294
Soviet Union: fall of, 312; Al-Qadhafi and,
311–12
Space, 270–71; as autonomy, 279; Jerusa-
lem of Yehoshua, 274–76, 283; restless
attitude toward, 277; Yehoshua areas,
282–83
Spanish Civil War, 165
Spanish culture, 4
Spitzer, Sigmund, 21
Stamboliyski, Aleksandar, 65
Steinberg, Gerald, 292
Stenhouse, Paul, 116
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