20.7 Check your paper for readability
Website designers follow the principle of ‘don’t make me think’. This means that
everything should be so clear to visitors to their websites, that these visitors intuitively
know where to find the information they need. The visitors are not required to think.
Similarly, writers of technical manuals focus on presenting information in an
orderly straightforward fashion that requires minimal intellectual effort on the part
of the reader – they want the readers to assimilate the information in a relaxed way,
they don’t want to make their readers tired and stressed.
Richard Wydick, Professor of Law at the University of California, writes:
We lawyers do not write plain English. We use eight words to say what could be said in
two. We use arcane phrases to express commonplace ideas. Seeking to be precise, we
become redundant. Seeking to be cautious, we become verbose. Our sentences twist on,
phrase within clause within clause, glazing the eyes and numbing the minds of our readers.
The result is a writing style that has, according to one critic, four outstanding characteris-
tics. It is “(1) wordy, (2) unclear, (3) pompous, and (4) dull.”
You do not want referees and readers to consider your work wordy, unclear, pomp-
ous, or dull, so when you make the final check of you manuscript, ask yourself the
following questions:
are my sentences reasonably short? (sentences longer than 30 words are generally hard to
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assimilate without having to be read twice)
are my paragraphs reasonably short?
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have I only written what adds value, have I ensured there is no redundancy?
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have I clearly differentiated my work from the work of others so that the referees can
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understand what I did in relation to what others have done before me?
have I highlighted my contribution and the gap it fills so that the referees can judge whether
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my paper is suitable for my chosen journal?
Readability is also affected by the following factors (these are all covered in Part 1
of this book):
poor layout: large blocks of text are hard to read, whereas short paragraphs with white space
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in between them are much easier
ambiguity and lack of clarity: the reader is not sure how to interpret a phrase
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lack of structure: within a sentence, paragraph or section
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too much abstraction: the reader is not given concrete explanations or examples
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lack of consistency
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20.10 Be careful with cut and pastes
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