REALLY
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Really is an adverb that is commonly used to emphasise or question the factuality
or truth of what is said:
Do you really have to go now? Can’t you at least wait until the evening?
Do you think he is really hungry or is he just pretending?
He calls himself her personal assistant but he is really just the driver.
Really is often used to intensify gradable adjectives and adverbs:
I made a really delicious soufflé. It was easier than I thought.
I didn’t expect to lose but she played a really excellent game.
She looks really sweet in that outfit, doesn’t she?
He drove really fast all the way and it certainly frightened me.
Really is used to reduce the force of negative utterances:
I’m not really angry, just a bit cross.
Really is commonly used to soften what has just been said. In this function it can
occur at the end of utterances:
A: What do you think they should do about it?
B: Oh, I don’t know really.
I don’t think we can do that sort of thing really.
Not really is also commonly used to soften a bare
no-answer.
[in a travel agent’s; A is the customer]
A: Erm I’m looking to get away mid, end of June, thereabouts.
B: Right. Anywhere in particular?
A: Erm no, no not really. But I want to be in a hotel.
Really also has a concessive meaning of ‘despite what has just been said’:
He’s got a terrible temper, but he’s a lovely guy really.
Really is also used as a response token to show interest and surprise. It contrasts
with minimal response tokens such as uhuh or mmm and indicates greater
interest in what is being said:
A: We stayed at a hotel on the south coast.
B: Really?
A: Yes, it’s very pretty, isn’t it?
B: I think we’ve stayed there.
A: Shares have fallen more than 20% over the past decade.
B: Really?
134 | From word to grammar: an A–Z
Cambridge Grammar of English
Really can also function to invite continuation by a speaker or offer a
confirmation that the conversation can continue:
A: That e-travel company we used last year went bust last week.
B: Did they really?
A: ’Fraid so.
A: I’ve just … I’ve been sorting out those tapes. And erm filling in application
forms for the Tower of London job.
B: Er which?
A: The Tower of London. It’s a conservation job.
B: Oh really?
A: Yep.
B: Wonderful.
Really is sometimes used as an adjectival modifier in a shortened form,
real, in
very informal spoken language:
Why don’t you try? It’s real easy to work.
It was real good, that sandwich. I think I’ll order another one.
RIGHT, RIGHTLY
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