Encyclopedia of Islam



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Chronology

  

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1166

  Death of Sufi master Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani in 



Baghdad.

1171

  End of the Fatimid dynasty; Salah al-Din founds 



the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt.

1187

  Saladin retakes Jerusalem from crusaders.



1192

  Muhammad of Ghur leads Muslim conquest of 



northern and eastern India.

1193

  Death of Salah ad-Din, Ayyubid sultan.



1198

  Death of Ibn Rushd (Averroes), Andalusian phi-



losopher and jurist.

1199

  Conquest of northern India and Bengal by 



Ghurids.

1203

  Founding of Mongol Empire by Genghis Khan.



1206

  Ghurids establish the Delhi Sultanate in India.



1209

  Death of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, theologian.



1215

  Mongol invasion of the Middle East begins.



1230

  Death of Muin al-Din Chishti, leading Sufi saint 



in India.

1234

  Death of Abu Hafs Umar al-Suhrawardi, Sufi 



teacher and founder of the Suhrawardi Sufi 

order.


1240

  Death of Ibn al-Arabi, Sufi philosopher, in 



Damascus.

1250–1519

  Mamluk dynasties rule Egypt and Syria.



1258

  The Mongols sack Baghdad, ending Abbasid 



Caliphate.

1260

  Mongols are defeated by the Mamluks of Egypt 



at Ayn Jalut in Syria.

1273

  Death of Jalal al-Din Rumi, Sufi poet and 



teacher, in Konya.

1320?

  Death of Yunus Emre, Turkish mystic and 



poet.

1325

  Death of Nizam al-Din Awliya of Delhi, Sufi 



saint of the Chishti order.

1328

  Death of Ibn Taymiyya, Hanbali jurist.




K  xlii  


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