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W
ESTMINSTER
I
NTERNATIONAL
U
NIVERSITY IN
T
ASHKENT
Take Home EXAM
SEMESTER 2
April 2020
MODULE CODE: 6ECON019C
MODULE TITLE: INVESTMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT
DATE SET: 11
th
April, 2020
SUBMISSION DATE: 15
th
April, 2020
TIME ALLOWED FOR EXAM: from (11/04) 00:01 to (15/04) 23:59
SUBMISSION LINK: (refer to module page)
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
Please note that this is a take home exam, you will have to submit
your answer to the Intranet page of the module. Your file must be
Word processed and backed with calculations in Excel file, include
your ID as a header.
There is no late submission on this assessment, failure to submit on
time will cause zero [0] for the assessment component.
Answer all questions. Indicate clearly question number in your
response.
All necessary calculations must be shown in Excel file.
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On behalf of module team, I hope you and your loved ones are safe from novel
covid19. Please, while working on this paper, make sure you follow the hygiene rules
recommended by local government as well as World Health Organization (WHO). If
you decide to print out this examination booklet (it will be referred as
“exam paper”
later on), make sure you wash your hands every time you use the printed exam paper,
as the printed exam paper may contain any microbes, bacteria and/or virus while
keeping it for a while at your disposals. We would also highly recommend keeping the
printed exam paper at places away from children and any other unrelated persons.
Should you need to travel during the assessment period, we highly recommend
destroying the printed exam paper, and using only e-version of exam paper.
Before you move on to the questions, please, learn what you need to know about
correctly completing the alternative assessment. We wish you the best of luck.
Investment and Risk Management Take-Home Final Exam Instructions
All students taking 6ECON019C Investment and Risk Management module, will have
five [5] calendar days, from 11/04/2020 00.01 until 15/04/2020 23:59 to complete the
take home final exam.
Please, carefully read the instructions below, that are in line with university rules for
exams. Failure to comply with any of the instructions below may result in our being
unable to accept or grade your exam or initiating disciplinary actions. These
instructions apply from 11/04/2020 00.01 until 15/04/2020 23:59.
1.
The exam is “open book”, which means you are allowed to use any materials
uploaded to the intranet, your own notes, relevant text books from WIUT LRC,
and anything that you believe is relevant to this module.
2. The exam must be taken completely alone. Showing it or discussing it with
anyone is forbidden.
3. You may not consult module team and/or any external tutors from this and other
universities. You may not check your exam answers with any person.
4. You may use Internet searches, materials from other modules of this and/or
other universities. You may use Google, YouTube and/or any other search
engines for any reason; however, we highly recommend using only
recommended web links by module team.
5. You must prepare your exam answers using MS Office and Excel software on
a computer. Use MS Office for the report, and MS Excel for back up
calculations. Your MS Excel file should contain formulas and functions in all
relevant fields. Should you have any key results with no formulas or function,
you may not be marked in this occasion.
6. Please, name your files using your Student ID Number only (for example,
studentid#.doc and studentid#.xls). Then, create an archive folder using
formats RAR or ZIP, and copy the final draft of your files into that folder, and
name the folder using your Student ID Number only.
7. Please, put your Student ID Number as a header to all pages. Do not put your
names on any materials related to the exam. Use only your Student ID Number
for identification.
8. Submit your works electronically only to module assessment page on the
intranet.
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Please, follow the tasks in this order, as some of your answers might depend on your
previous answers. Please, note that at all times, the questions and instructions will be
referring to the chosen company of yours that is confirmed by the module leader.
Please, use the recommended links or literature by module leader. Should you use
other literature, make sure you give a proper reference to the sources of data using
Harvard referencing style.
TASK A (40 marks)
As of December 2019, you have been witnessing the US equity market trading at all-
time highs, regularly updating the historical highs. You believe that the global markets
will be growing further in upcoming months. As a portfolio manager of newly
established hedge fund, you are interested in making some equity investments using
your clients’ funds. For that you are looking at the number of potential stocks listed in
S&P500 index, and you decided to choose one company stock only.
Cost of equity and cost of capital (15 marks)
Using all publicly available data related to the stock of your interest, you would like to
build a number of relevant equity valuation models, if appropriate, to estimate the
intrinsic value of the stock.
1. Download the key financial statements (if the company is big conglomerate,
then use the consolidated financial statements) for the period of 2010-2019,
inclusive.
2. Calculate the cost of equity using CAPM and cost of capital using WACC for
the company. While computing, please, state clearly and justify your
assumptions and/or arguments about beta coefficient, risk-free return, market
return, market risk premium, market values of capital stocks and bonds, foreign
exchange adjustments (if company has foreign subsidiaries), effective tax rate
and any other relevant elements of CAPM and WACC.
Estimation of intrinsic values (20 marks)
Once you have a clear idea about financial performance, financial position and capital
position of the company, decide on which equity valuation model to use in order to
estimate the intrinsic value of the stock.
1. (Optional) If you decide to use dividend discount models (DDMs), please,
download and/or refer to the necessary data, including the dividend payment
history for the period of 2010-2019, inclusive.
a. Estimate the appropriate growth rates for earnings and dividends (i.e.
cumulative average growth rate (CAGR), sustainable growth rate (SGR),
and/or any other relevant growth rates based on certain benchmarks).
b. Use single-stage, two-stage and/or H dividend discount models, if
appropriate.
2. (Optional) If you decide to use free cash flow valuation models (FCFVs), please,
download and/or refer to the necessary data for the period of 2010-2019,
inclusive.
a. Calculate the free cash flow to equity (FCFE) and free cash flow to firm
(FCFF) using the accounting data available.
b. Estimate at least two appropriate growth rates for FCFEs and FCFFs
(i.e. cumulative average growth rate (CAGR) and/or other relevant
growth rates based on certain benchmarks).
c. Use single-stage, two-stage and/or three-stage free cash flow valuation
models, if appropriate, using both FCFE and FCFF approach.
3. (Optional) If you decide to use market-based valuation models (based on price
multiples), please, download and/or refer to the necessary data for the period
of 2010-2019, inclusive.
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a. Calculate the trailing and leading P/E, justified trailing and justified
forward P/E, P/S, P/B, EV/S, EV/EBITDA and/or other key price
multiples that you believe are relevant and necessary to estimate the
intrinsic value of the stock.
b. Compare the price multiples you found for the company with key industry
competitors (please, use at least 5 industry competitors). While choosing
the competitors, please, justify your choices. Comment on your findings.
c. Calculate the intrinsic values for the stock using all relevant and
necessary price multiples.
To better estimate the true intrinsic value for the stock, you decide to use any two of
three optional models mentioned above. Please, consider the stock price as of the
year-end for the company.
Note: Please, while estimating, calculating and/or using specific numbers and
approaches, state clearly and justify your assumptions and/or arguments at all times.
Valuation summary (5 marks)
Once you have a list of different intrinsic values, create necessary tables, charts and/or
infographics, to comment on your findings. Show the maximum, minimum, mean and
median values, and give buy, sell, or hold recommendations.
Note: Please, while estimating, calculating and/or using specific numbers and
approaches, state clearly and justify your assumptions and/or arguments at all times.
TASK B (30 marks)
After finishing the valuation of the company that you have selected, you decide to look
closer at its risk profile. You decide to use the Black-Scholes-Merton option model to
estimate the implied risk neutral probability of default for the company.
1. The BSM model contains 5 variables that you must input into the equation:
Asset value of the company, total debt value of the company, volatility of the
company assets, time to default threshold, and risk-free rate. Clearly state
these 5 variables for your company as well as a brief explanation of how you
calculated them. (10 marks)
2. Calculate the risk neutral probability of default for the nearest (if you have more
than one) default threshold. Note that the nearest default threshold is the
nearest maturity of long-term liability. (10 marks)
3. The coronavirus outbreak is now a pandemic, the World Health Organization
declared on March 11, 2020. The outbreak has spread from the Chinese city of
Wuhan in late January to countries and territories affecting every continent
except Antarctica. Your task is to analyse an impact of coronavirus on the
assigned company. What is the risk profile of the company? How much overall
risk is there in this firm? Where is this risk coming from (market, firm, industry,
economy or currency)? How is the risk profile changing? Describe it from
perspective of market risk (interest rate risk, forex risk), credit risk (default risk,
bankruptcy risk and downgrade risk), operations risk and others.
a. Place yourself in the shoes of an analyst at one of the major credit rating
age
ncies (S&P, Moody’s or Fitch). The agency has commissioned you
to write a report for the regulatory authorities on the risks (i.e. market
risk, credit risk, etc.) faced by the company you are researching. Your
report should be structured as an executive summary (maximum 500
words). Appraise the role of regulatory authorities in identifying and
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evaluating the different types of risks faced by the company. Be precise
in the specification of the risks and in your explanation of how these risks
would manifest themselves. (5 marks)
b. Once you identified the relevant risks for the company, please, give at
least two recommendations on how to manage any two of those risks
(maximum 100 words). (5 marks)
TASK C (30 marks)
The world is constantly evolving and the markets are rapidly changing. It is the
beginning of January 2020 and you have recently joined an up and coming hedge
fund. You are tasked with constructing a new portfolio to offer to clients. In the
company wide email to everyone, the chief manager has stressed that they expect the
markets this year to be volatile and anxious and has requested everyone to be mindful
of this information when making any portfolio investment decisions.
Portfolio construction (12 marks)
You are expecting a turbulent and volatile year ahead and would like to construct a
portfolio that will outperform the market in these challenging times. Your first action is
to identify and categorize all asset classes in the investible universe.
1. Choose the asset mix for your portfolio (see appendix 1). These will be your
active weights. When making your choices, keep in mind and discuss risk and
return characteristics as well as the overall impact of the asset class on your
portfolio. You should invest into at least 2 different asset classes. Provide
justification for your choices.
2. Choose the sub-asset class mix for each asset class (see appendix 2). For the
purposes of this task, you can consider any sub-asset class weights as the
individual active weights. You should have at least 2 different sub-asset classes
under each asset class. Provide justification for your choices.
3. Identify the relevant benchmark portfolio.
Note: When calculating return and risk characteristics, use historical data till end of
2019 only. You will be using available data for 2020 for back-testing your portfolio and
calculating the information ratio under Investment Ratios subtask.
Note: You must show your calculations in an excel file and upload it along with your
coursework.
Investment ratios (12 marks)
1. Calculate the following (ex ante) measures for your portfolio and the benchmark
(see appendix 3):
a. Sharpe ratio
b. M-squared
c. Treynor ratio
d.
Jensen’s alpha
2. Calculate the Information ratio as well as the ex post Sharpe ratio for your
constructed portfolio using data available for 2020.
Portfolio summary (6 marks)
Discuss your portfolio creation process and any assumptions that you have made.
What does the information ratio tell about your portfolio? What other factors should
you have considered when constructing your portfolio? Comment on the performance
of your constructed portfolio versus the benchmark portfolio.
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Appendix 1
The suggested asset classes categorization is as follows:
• Local equities
• Global equities
• Local bonds
• International bonds
• Commodities
• Alternative investments
Note: You can use different asset class specifications. However, make sure that they
do not overlap and that they comprise the majority of the securities in the investible
space.
Appendix 2
You can subdivide each asset class as you see fit. For example, equities could be
subdivided into large, medium, and small cap. Conversely, they could be divided into
their industries. You will have to provide justifications for each decision that you make.
Bonds could be subdivided by their credit quality, etc.
Appendix 3
When calculating the measures, you should indicate the time length and interval that
you have used and any adjustments that you have made. When calculating these
measures, you cannot use the data available for 2020. You will use that in subtask 2.
HINT: You may use the indices offered by Vanguard, Fidelity, Blackrock, SSGA, and
etc. when making portfolio choices and selecting the appropriate benchmark.
To support students during the assessment, the module team will upload video
instructions on individual tasks.
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