|
ref va out metod parametrlari, ularning farqi, ishlatilishi C#
ref va out kalit so'zlari yordamida metodga tashqaridan parametr berish mumkin. Metod ichida ref va out yordamida olingan parametrlar ustida bajarilgan amallar metodddan tashqarida bu parametrlarga ta'sir qiladi.
Masalan:
1)
using System;
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
int val = 0;
Example1(val);
Console.WriteLine(val);// Natija: 0
Example2(ref val);
Console.WriteLine(val); // Endi val o'zgaruvchi qiymati 2
Example3(out val);
Console.WriteLine(val); // val= 3
}
static void Example1(int value)
{
value = 1;
}
static void Example2(ref int value)
{
value = 2;
}
static void Example3(out int value)
{
value = 3;
}
}
Natija:
0
2
3
2)
class OutExample
{
static void Method(out int myValue)
{
myValue = 44;
}
static void Main()
{
int value;
Method(out value);// value=44
Console.WriteLine("value= ",value);
}
}
Natija:
Value=44
3)
class RefExample
{
static void MethodForRef(ref int qiymat1, ref string name)
{
qiymat1 = qiymat1 + 44;
name += "name is";
}
static void Main()
{
int val = 1;
string nameValue = "Mansur";
MethodForRef(ref val, ref nameValue );
Console.WriteLine("nameValue =", nameValue);
Console.WriteLine("val=",val);
}
}
Natija:
nameValue = name is Mansur
val = 45
ref va out metod parametrlarining farqi
ref ni ishlatishda doimo o'zgaruvchiga boshlang'ich qiymat berish shart, out da esa shart emas!
4)
namespace TestingRefAndOut
{
class Animal
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Animal myAnimal = new Animal();
myAnimal.Name = "Fox"; myAnimal.Age = 2;
Init(myAnimal);
Console.WriteLine("1-holat: Name ={0} va Age={1} ",myAnimal.Name,myAnimal.Age);
Init(ref myAnimal);
Console.WriteLine("2-holat (Init metodi ref metod argumeti bilan ishlatilganda): Name={0} va Age={1} ",
myAnimal.Name, myAnimal.Age);
Console.ReadLine();
}
static void Init(Animal animal){
Animal tempAnimal=new Animal()
{
Name = "Tiger", Age=5
};
animal = tempAnimal;
}
static void Init(ref Animal animal){
Animal tempAnimal=new Animal()
{
Name = "Lion", Age=7
};
animal = tempAnimal;
}
}
}
Natija:
Static
Oddiy maydonlardan, usullardan, xususiyatlardan tashqari, sinf statik maydonlar, usullar, xususiyatlarga ega bo'lishi mumkin. Statik maydonlar, usullar, xususiyatlar butun sinfga tegishli bo'lib, bunday sinf a'zolariga kirish uchun sinfning nusxasini yaratish shart emas
Odatiy maydonlar, metodlar, xususiyat metodlari bilan bir qatorda, statik maydonlar, metodlar, xususiyat metodlari bo'lishi mumkin. Statik maydonlar, metodlar butun sinf uchun qo'llaniladi va sinfning bunday a'zolariga kirish uchun sinfning namunasini yaratish shart emas.
Masalan:
class Account
{
public static decimal bonus = 100;
public decimal totalSum;
public Account(decimal sum)
{
totalSum = sum + bonus;
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(Account.bonus); // 100
Account.bonus += 200;
Account account1 = new Account(150);
Console.WriteLine(account1.totalSum); // 450
Account account2 = new Account(1000);
Console.WriteLine(account1.totalSum); // 1300
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
Bu holda, Account sinfining ikkita maydoni mavjud: bonus va totalSum. Bonus maydoni statikdir, shuning uchun uni ishlatish uchun alohida ob'ekt yaratish shart emas. Biz unga sinf nomi bilan murojaat qilishimiz mumkin:
Console.WriteLine(Account.bonus);
Account.bonus += 200;
C # dagi 'statik' kalit so'z sinfdagi barcha narsalarga yoki sinfning barcha qismlariga mos keladi, bu sinfning barcha nusxalari orasida. Masalan, statik sifatida belgilangan maydonga sinfning barcha nusxalarida sinf nomi orqali kirish mumkin.
public class SomeObject
{
static int Foo = 3;
private int _Foo2 = 4;
public int Foo2{get{return _Foo2;}set{_Foo2 = value;}}
public static SomeObject CreateSomeObject(int fooValue)
{
SomeObject retVal = new SomeObject();
retVal.Foo2 = fooValue;
return retVal;
}
public SomeObject()
{
}
public static int Add(int x)
{
return x + Foo;
}
public int AddSomething(int x)
{
return x + this.Foo2;
'SomeObject.Foo'
}
}
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: | 
