O`zbekiston respublikasi oliy vao‘rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi qarshi davlat universiteti



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ARM.4-KURS Стилистика мажмуа

‘Reckless disregard for truth’ and in Parliament – that you regret he ‘should have been 
so misinformed’.”
(John Galsworthy)
 
Function of Euphemism. Euphemism helps writers to convey those ideas which have 
become a social taboo and are too embarrassing to mention directly. Writers skillfully 
choose appropriate words to refer to and discuss a subject indirectly which otherwise are 
not published due to strict social censorship e.g. religious fanaticism, political theories, 
sexuality, death etc. Thus, euphemism is a useful tool that allows writers to write 
figuratively about the libelous issues.
Antithesis
originates from a Greek word 
antithesis
which means ‘setting opposite’. 
It is a rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve 
a contrasting effect. Antithesis emphasizes the idea of contrast by parallel structures of the 
contrasted phrases or clauses, i.e. the structures of phrases and clauses are similar in order 
to draw the attention of the listeners or readers.
We must distinguish between logical and stylistic opposition. Logicalopposition 
implies the use of dictionary antonyms – words that are contrary in meaning to another: 


34 
 
white-black, day- night, long – short. Stylistic opposition is based on the relative 
opposition which arises out of the use of contextual antonyms. Let’s see the following 
examples:
We are young, friend, like the flowers,  
 
You are old friend like the tree
 
What concern have you with ours? 
 
You are dying, we’re to be 
 
It is very true, I’m dying
 
You are roses still in bud… 
In this poem antithesis is based on the following oppositions: young – old, Flowers – 
trees, dying – to be: only the first opposition “young - old” may be considered as dictionary 
antonyms, the rest are contextual antonyms and bring the emphasis to the whole poem. 
The use of antithesis built on the contextual antonyms is clearly seen in the next example: 
“I 
had walked
into the reading – room 
a happy, healthy man.

crawled out a decrepit 
wreck
.” (Jerome K. Jerome) In this sentence such word – combinations as “walked into” 
and “crawled out” and “a happy healthy man” and “a decrepit wreck” are used as 
contextual antonyms. 
Function of Antithesis. Antithesis uses words to convey ideas in different ways from 
the common words and expressions of daily life. Thus, it conveys meaning more vividly 
than ordinary speech. When contrasting ideas are brought together, the idea is expressed 
more emphatically. As a literary device, antithesis makes contrasts in order to examine 
pros and cons of a subject under discussion and helps to bring forth judgment on that 
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