Objectives of the lesson

Capital
Government
Permanently
Executive
Sandstone
Brick
Mansion
Fascinating
Consist of
Tour
GRAMMAR.

Relative clauses are introduced with a) relative pronouns (who(m), which, whose, that) and b) relative adverbs (when, where, why).


RELATIVE CLAUSES
We use:

• 
  Who/that to refer to people. e.g. A firefighter is someone who/that puts our fires.
  
• 
  Which/that to refer objects or animals. e.g. A camel is an animal which/that lives in hot countries.
  
• 
  Whose instead of possessive adjectives (my, your, his, etc.) with people, objects and animals in order to show possession. e.g. That's the boy whose bicycle was stolen yesterday.
  
• 
  Which can refer back back to a whole clauses.
  

e.g. He helped me do the washing-up, which was kind of him.

• 
  That is never used after a comma or preposition. e.g. The Chinese vase, which (not that) is on the coffee table, is very expensive.
  

• 
  We use that with words such as all, every(thing), some(thing), any(thing), no(thing), none, few, little, much, only with the superlative form. e.g. Is this all that you can do for me?
  
• 
  Where to refer to place, usually after nouns such as place, house, street, town, country, etc. e.g. The house where he was born has been demolished.
  
• 
  When to refer to time, usually after nouns such as time, period, moment, day, year, summer, etc. e.g. That was the year when she graduated.
  
• 
  Why to give reason, usually after the word reason. e.g. The reason why she left her job was that she didn't get on with her boss.
  

Grammar Exercises
Complete the sentences with who, which or where.
1. The Coca-Cola Company, ... was founded in 1892, is famous all over the world.
2. The company, ... produces many soft drinks, is based in Atlanta.
3. John S. Pemberton, ... invented Coca-Cola, intended the drink to be used as a care for common illnesses.
4. Frank Robinson, ... worked for John Pemberton, chose the name Coca-Cola.
5. Fanta, ... was orginally produced in Germany, was bought by the Coca-Cola Company.
6. Sprite, ... was introduced in 1961, is also made by the Coca-Cola Company.
7. The US Patent Office, ... the trademark 'Coca-Cola' was registered, has also registered the trademark 'Coke' and the glass Coca-Cola bottle.
8. In America, ... Coca-Cola was first produced, there is a large soft drink industry, but the Coca-Cola Company is the most successful.

Common mistakes
This is the wallet which I bought it yesterday. ❎
This is the wallet which I bought yesterday. ✅

My car, that cost me a fortune, was badly demaged in the accident. ❎
My car, which cost me a fortune, was badly damaged in the accident. ✅

This is the man who's dog attacked me. ❎
This is the man whose dog attacked me. ✅

The hotel where we stayed at was very luxurious. ❎
The hotel which we stayed at was very luxurious. ✅
Answers.
Test.
1-B
2-A
3-D
4-C
5-A

Grammar Exercises.
1. Which
2. Where
3. Who
4. Who
5. Which
6. Which
7. Which
8. Where