Namangan davlat universiteti leksika stilistika kafedrasi

Unit – 5 ( 10 hours )

Text: Uzbekistan Phonetics: The third types of reading vowels Grammar: The link verb To do exercises Revision

Uzbekistan

The revolution about proclamation of State Independence of the Republik of Uzbekistan was adopted on the 31st of August 1991 by the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The 1^st of September was proclaimed as the independence day of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan was admitted to the United Nations on March 2, 1992 and become a full member of the recognized by over 131 state of the world.

Uzbekistan is situated in the central part of Central Asia between the Amu-Darya and Sir-Darya rivers. The territory of the republic stretches for 1425 kilometers from west to east and for 930kilometers from north to south. In the north it borders on Kazakhstan and Tadjikistan, in th south on Afganistan and in the west on Turkmanistan.

The Republic of Uzbekistan has favourable natural and geographic conditions. It is the republic of sunshine. There are more than 250 sunny days in a year. The climate is very hot in summer and cold in winter. Temperature sometimes may drop to – 15* - 20* degrees below zero. The hottest month is July. The temperature can reach more than -45* degrees above zero.

Uzbekistan is rich in mineral resources such as gold, oil, cool, copper, lead,ore, gas, and others. There are many machine building, automobile, agricultural machinery plants, textile miles and cool, oil chemical industries in our republic.

It is a multinational republic. People of more than a hundred nationalities live here. The population of Uzbekistan is more than 25 million people. In recent years hundreds of colleges, lyceums and Universities were opened in Uzbekistan. Now they are training thousands of qualified workers, enjineers, doctors, teachers, architects, geologists and other specialists.

Uzbekistan is the land of ancient culture.At the present time more than 200 000 tourists almost from 80 countries visit Uzbekistan every year.There are many ancient towns in Uzbekistan. Bukhara is one of them. The period of its existence is more than 2000 years.This period was noted for the development of craft, trade, literature science and art. The outstanding poets Firdavsiy and Rudakiy, the famous scholar Abu Ali Ibn Sino and many others lived and worked there. Numerous mosques, madrasas and mausoleums survived in Bukhara to the present time. Its masterpieces of architecture are the mausoleum of Ismoil Samoni, the Kalyan Minaret, the Madrasah of Ulug’bek and others. They are famous not only in our country but abroad too.

One more ancient town is Khiva. It lies 32 kilometers from Urgench in the north west of Uzbekistan. Khiva was existence somewhere between 6^th and 8^th centuries . In the middle of the 16^th century it became the capital of the Khiva Khante. It was the major centre of the Moslem religion. There are many uniquemosques, mausoleums, and madrasahs in Khiva. They make Khiva a museum and attract many tourists. At present 7056 monuments of art, archeology and nature are under state protection in Uzbekistan.1503 of them are architectural monuments. The Ichan-Kala complex in Khiva, the site of the ancient town of Afrassiab in Samarkand and the centre of ancient Bukhara are declared state reserves. They are relics of oriental architecture.

Proclamation – e’lon qilish border - chegaralanmoq

Independence – mustaqillik drop - tushmoq

Adopt – qabul qilmoq degree - daraja

Resolution – qaror below - past

The United Nations – BMT ancient - qadimiy

Admit – qabul qilmoq tourist - sayyoh

Full – to’la visit – tashrif buyurmoq

Member – a’zo remarkable - ajoyib

Recognize – tan olmoq monument - yodgorlik

Favourable – qulay sunny - quyoshli

Condition – sharoit reach – yetib bormoq

To be situated – joylashmoq multinational – ko’p millatli

Stretch – cho’zilmoq nationality – millat

Population – aholi oil - neft

Resources – tabiiy boyliklar coal – ko’mir

Rich – boylik copper - mis

Gold - oltin lead – qo’rg’oshin

Ore – temir ruda agricultural – qishloq xo’jaligi

Textile – to’qimachilik mill - fabrika

Plant - zavod chemical industry – ximiya sanoati

East – sharq condition - sharoit

West – g’arb lyceum - litsey

North – shimol qualified - malakali

South - janub masterpieces –shedevr

Existence - borlik science – fan

Mosque – masjid mausoleum – maqbara

Capital – poytaxt protection –himoya

Oriental - sharqiy relic – relikovaya

Major – asosiy religion – din

Complex - majmua nature – tabiat