Māris kļaviņŠ, azamat azizov, JĀnis zaļoksnis environment, pollution, development: the case of uzbekistan

Environmental policy and environmental quality indicators
In  the  1970s,  reports  in  different  fields  were  started  to  be 
prepared according to the principle of causality, logically grouping 
the characteristic variables into the causal model, later on extended 
into  the  five-phase  model  by  the  Organisation  for  Economic  Co-
operation and Development (OECD). The characteristic variables 
contained in the analytical model are called indicators.
Certain methodological requirements are set for the indicators, so 
that countries and specialists could come to an understanding when 
they are published and interpreted in various reports. The indicators 
must be credible, represent certain time periods and regions, 
scientifically accurate, obtained through standardised methodologies, 
expressed  in  standardised  units,  verifiable,  easily  perceptible  and 
comprehensible, comparable, non-duplicating, necessary to users, 
sensitively reacting to changes, predictive of processes and ensuring 
acquisition of information at a reasonable cost.
Figure 11.10. 
Environmental sampling 
to monitor tasks
The indicators are 
integrated into a single 
causal chain, showing:
 
Œ what causes the 
problem;
 
Œ why it occurs;
 
Œ what are its effects;
 
Œ how and by what 
means the problem can 
be solved.

---

11. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: LEGISLATION, POLICIES, INSTITUTIONS
 265
Policy preparation
Policy implementation
Indicators
Indicators
Policy formulation
Policy assessment
The main function of indicators is to provide information during 
the decision-making process and to adjust different levels of policy 
according to the policy cycle scheme.
The use of sustainable Development indicators in such a scheme 
is focused on the interaction links between the traditional indicators, 
but the synergistic effects in such a complex system are stronger as 
the direct cause-effect interactions.