Modals in english modality



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MODALS IN ENGLISH

MODALITY

  • Epistemic modality indicates the possibility or necessity of some piece of knowledge- degrees of certainty. Modal auxiliary verbs can be used to say for instance that a situation is certain, probable, (im)possible.
  • Deontic modality indicates the possibility or necessity in terms of freedom to act. Modal auxiliary verbs can be used to say that somebody is obliged to do something, that he/she is able to do sth….

Epistemic modality- degrees of certainty

  • Complete certainty (positive or negative)
  • I shall be away tomorrow.
  • There's the phone. That'll be Tony. It won't rain this evening. That can't be John. You must be tired.
  • Probability/ Possibility
  • She should/ ought to be here soon.
  • We may be buying a new house. The water may not be warm enough to swim.

Epistemic modality- degrees of certainty (FACTS, EVENTS)

  • Weak probability
  • I might see you again-who knows? We could all be millionaires one day.
  • Theoretical or habitual possibility
  • How many people can get into a telephone box? Small children may have difficulty in understanding abstract ideas.

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