Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialised Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan State World Languages University Republican Scientific – Practical Centre of Developing Innovational Methods of Foregn Languages Authors

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Arabic words as admiral, algorithm or aubergine.

Malay was the LF of Southeast Asia and was 

used by Arab and Chinese traders there 

prior to

 

the arrival of the Europeans. Once they arrived, 

people like the Dutch and British also used Malay 

to communicate with the native peoples.

In fact, 

in  it’s  time

 distinct spheres used to 

have distinct LF, for example, Latin – in science. 

In 1687, Isaac Newton published his “Mathematic 

Principals Of Natural Philosophy” in Latin. 

English interpretation was published only 42 

years later after his death.

Today, LFs play an important role in global 

communication as well. Examples of LFs remain 

numerous, and exist on every continent. The most 

obvious

 example as of the early 21st century is 

English.  The  United  Nations  defines  its  official 

languages as Arabic, Chinese, English, French, 

Russian,  and  Spanish.  The  official  language 

of  international  air  traffic  control  is  English. 

In certain countries, the LF is also used as the 

national language; e.g., Urdu is the LF of Pakistan 

as well as the national language.

Advantages

Problems

Cultural

thread

Lose of local 

language

Wider

Educational 

Economic

expansion

Facilitates trade 

and communication 

Lingua 

francas

Arabic

Ancient LFs

Existing LFs

Russian

Mind maps help you to brainstorm and organize 

your ideas before you start your piece of work.

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