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MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIAL EDUCATION OF THE
REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
FERGHANA STATE UNIVERSITY
FACULTY «English language and literature »
DEPARTAMENT « English language and literature »
COURSE WORK
Theme: William Shakespeare's tragedies
Teacher: S.Aliyeva
Student: O.Ikromjonova
Group: 20.115
Ferghana 2022
Contents
Introduction………………………………………………………………….
1 Early life and bibliogralhy of William Shakespeare's………………………
2 William Shakespeare's works and impacts on future literature……………..
The Main Body………………………………………………………………
1 General characteristics of the plot…………………………………………..
2. “Romeo and Juliet” and their main characters………………………………
3. The language of the play and Critical overview on the play ………………
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………….
Studying Romeo and Juliet - criteria for assessment………………………….
Glossary ……………………………………………………………………...
Bibliography…………………………………………………………………
William Shakespeare's tragedies
Introduction
1.Early Life
William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, the United Kingdom in April 1564. He was a son of the middle-class parents, John and Mary Shakespeare. They lived in a small town of Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire, Shakespeare was the first surviving son, for two earlier children, Joan and Margaret, who died in childhood. His early life was spent at two locations; Stratford, his native town, and London, the hub of English theatre. His father passed away in 1601 at the age of 70, while around seven years later his mother, too, breathed her last in 1608.
Education
Starting his early education at the age of seven at the Stratford Grammar School, William Shakespeare underwent rigors of learning grammar and literature which received special focus at school. He also learned basic manners and prayers in a theological setting besides traditional subjects of rhetoric, logic, history, Latin and the works of great classical authors. Unfortunately, the financial crisis forced him to quit his education. In spite of the challenges, Shakespeare retained his reading addiction and theatrical interests.
Married Life
Shakespeare married Anny Hathaway at eighteen in 1582. It is, however, interesting that Anny was seven years senior and pregnant at the time of their marriage. Therefore, they had to welcome Susanna, their first child very soon. After a few years, they welcome twins. Sadly, one of the twins died at eleven. Due to severe poverty Shakespeare decided to go to London. He wanted to try his luck in theatrical companies as an actor. Despite his talent in acting, he succeeded in making a name as a writer.
Death
It is said that Shakespeare always had a sound mind and perfect health. However, he lost his life on 25th April 1616. The actual cause of his demise is unknown. However, he wrote a will almost a month before his death in which he described himself as a perfect man.
Some Important Facts of His Life
He is buried in the chancel of Holy Trinity Church in his home town of Stratford, Warwickshire.
In 1585, Shakespeare disappeared for almost seven years, and historians call this period of life as “the lost years.”
When in 1952 he emerged as an actor and a playwright, he received the title of “upstart crow” from Robert Greene.
Shakespeare is credited by the Oxford English Dictionary to have introduced almost 3,000 words in the English language.
He wrote 37 plays and more than 150 sonnets and other poems.
Writing Career
Though Shakespeare left school at the age of fourteen forced by the financial crisis, he was sufficiently educated. Hence, he earned a good name in acting and writing. He moved to London where he established his career as an actor and writer. He wrote his first play, Henry-VI Part-I, in 1590 and Henry-VI Part-III and IV in 1591. He won unprecedented popularity due to his outstanding literary out. Despite this, in 1592, Robert Greene’s Groatworth of Wit famously calls Shakespeare an ”upstart crow,” a negatively discouraging term. According to Robert Greene, Shakespeare was not capable enough to produce the finest pieces. He believed that Shakespeare borrowed ideas from others. His accusation, however, did not impact his writings. He continued producing masterpieces after masterpieces until his death. In 1593, he started working on his 124 sonnet collection. Despite facing criticism patiently, he never let himself
derailed from the literary path. He established himself as an excellent poet and a great playwright with masterpieces such as The Merchant of Venice, Macbeth, Othello, Venus and Adonis’, The Rape of Lucrece and Hamlet to his credit.
His Style
Shakespeare established his career as an actor first and then as a playwright. Shakespeare stepped into the world of literature and theatre, leaving lasting impressions. He became popular due to his traditional writing style in the early part of his career.
2. William Shakespeare’s Works
Best Plays: William Shakespeare has tried his hands in both plays as well as poetry. Some of his best plays include; The Merchant of Venice, Romeo and Juliet, The Tempest, Othello, King Lear, Mid-Summer Night’s Dream, Macbeth and Hamlet.
Best Poems: Some of the best poems he has written includes; “The Rape of Lucrece”, “The Phoenix and the Turtle”, “Sonnet 20”, “Sonnet 1”, “Sonnet 73”, “Venus and Adonis”, “Sonnet 29”, “Sonnet 130”, “Sonnet 116” and “Sonnet 18.”
William Shakespeare’s Impacts on Future Literature
His pen brought revolutionary changes to the world of literature. Even today, researchers tend to investigate how his works evolved social, political and theatrical settings. He not only wrote plays and poetry but also managed to leave a permanent mark on how we live and speak in contemporary culture. His writings are still subject to interpretation and translation in various languages. His writing style influenced a large number of renowned writers such as Charles Dickens, Maya Angelou, John Keats, and Herman Melville. Various writers and poets use his style as a guiding model for writing plays and poetry. Also, genres of tragedy, comedy, and tragi-comedy owe a great deal to Shakespeare for
popularity and universal recognition.
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