Ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic of uzbekistan termez state university department of english language and literature

Good friend, for Jesus’ sake forbear
To dig the dust enclosed here.
Blest be the man that spares these stones,
And curst be he that moves my bones.
The subject of Shakespeare's sexual identity, like so many other aspects of his personal life, is shrouded in mystery. In 1582, at the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, an eight-year-old woman. Susanna, their first child, was born on May 26, 1583, about six months after the wedding. On November 27, 1582, a license was given for the marriage, with only one reading rather than the normal three of the banns, or declaration of the intention to marry, to allow any party to raise any possible legal objections. This operation, as well as the couple's first child's fast arrival, indicate that the pregnancy was unintended and premarital. As a result, the wedding seems to have been a "shotgun" affair. Anne gave birth to twins named Hamnet and Judith, who were christened on February 2, 1585, 21 months after Susanna's arrival. There were no more children for William and Anne after that. They were together until 1616, when he died.

2. 
   Shakespeare – Father of Tragedy
   

Shakespeare's dramas are probably his most famous works—many consider "Hamlet" to be the best play ever published. "Romeo and Juliet," "Macbeth," and "King Lear" are among the other tragedies that are instantly identifiable, frequently researched, and frequently performed. Shakespeare wrote ten tragedies in all. However, the styles of Shakespeare's plays often overlap, and there is disagreement about which plays should be listed as tragedy, comedy, or history. "Much Ado About Nothing," for example, is usually known as a comedy but follows several tragic conventions. The main protagonist in Shakespeare's tragedies almost always has a weakness that leads to his downfall. Internal and external conflicts are common, with a dash of the supernatural thrown in for good measure and tension. There are sometimes passages or characters that lighten the mood comic relief, but the piece's overall tone is very severe.
All of Shakespeare's tragedies contain at least one more of these elements:

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  A tragic hero
  
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  A dichotomy of good and evil
  
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  A tragic waste
  
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  Hamartia (the hero’s tragic flaw)
  
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  Issues of fate or fortune
  
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  Greed
  
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  Foul revenge
  
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  Supernatural elements
  
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  Internal and external pressures
  
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  The paradox of life
  

A simple glance reveals that these ten classic plays all have similar themes.

1) “Antony and Cleopatra”: The affair between Antony and Cleopatra causes the Egyptian pharaohs to collapse and Octavius Caesar to become the first Roman emperor. Miscommunication leads to Anthony's suicide and Cleopatra's suicide, just as it did with Romeo and Juliet.

2) “Coriolanus”: A powerful Roman general is despised by Rome's "play Bienz," and after losing and regaining their confidence in the play, he is betrayed and assassinated by Aufidius, a former foe who is using Coriolanus to try to take over the city. Aufidius believes that Coriolanus betrayed him in the end, so he assassinates him.
3) “Hamlet”: Prince Hamlet vows to avenge his father's murder at the hands of his uncle, Claudius. Many friends and loved ones, including Hamlet's mother, die as a result of Hamlet's search for vengeance. Hamlet is finally drawn into a battle to the death with Laertes, Ophelia's brother, and is fatally stabbed by a poisoned sword. Before dying, Hamlet is able to kill his assailant as well as his uncle Claudius.
4) “Julius Caesar”: Julius Caesar is assassinated by his closest advisors and associates. They say they are concerned that he will become a dictator, but many believe Cassius is plotting to take power. Cassius is able to persuade Brutus, Caesar's best friend, to be one of the conspirators in Caesar's assassination. Brutus and Cassius later lead opposing armies into war against one another. Cassius and Brutus, seeing the futility of their actions, both order their own men to kill them. Octavius then demands that Brutus be honorably buried, since he was the most honorable of all Romans.
5) “King Lear”: King Lear has divided his kingdom and granted Goneril and Regan, two of his three daughters, each a piece of the kingdom because his youngest daughter (Cordelia), who had previously been his favorite, refused to sing his praises at the division of the kingdom. Cordelia vanishes and travels to France with her prince husband. Lear tries to enlist the help of his two oldest daughters, but none of them has anything to do with him. They mistreat him, driving him insane and causing him to roam the moors. Meanwhile, Goneril and Regan plot to assassinate each other, resulting in a large number of deaths. Cordelia returns with an army to rescue her father in the end. Goneril poisons and kills Regan before killing himself. Cordelia's army is routed, and she is executed. After seeing her dead, her father dies of a broken heart.
6) “Macbeth”: Following an ill-timed prophecy from the three witches, Macbeth, with the aid of his greedy queen, murders the king in order to claim the throne. In his growing remorse and anxiety, he murders a large number of people he claims are working against him. After Macbeth murdered Macduff's entire family, he is eventually beheaded by Macduff. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth's reign of "evilness" comes to a bloody close.
7) “Othello”: Enraged that he was passed over for a promotion, Iago plots to depose Othello by spreading lies and causing his own demise. Othello murders his wife Desdemona, thinking she has cheated on him, based on rumors and paranoia. Later, the truth is revealed, and Othello commits suicide as a result of his sorrow. Iago is apprehended and sentenced to death.
8) “Romeo and Juliet”: Two star-crossed lovers fall in love despite the fact that they are destined to be rivals due to a family feud. Many people want to hold them apart, and a few of them die as a result. The teenagers plan to run away together in order to marry. Juliet sends a messenger to her family with news of her "death" so that they will not pursue her and Romeo. Romeo hears the rumor and assumes it to be real, so he kills himself when he sees Juliet's "corpse." Juliet awakens to find her boyfriend dead and kills herself in order to be with him.
9) “Timon of Athens”: Timon is an Athenian nobleman who has a large number of friends due to his generosity. Unfortunately, his generosity leads to him becoming indebted. He asks his mates for financial assistance, but they all decline. Timons hosts a banquet for his mates, serving them only water and denouncing them; Timons then heads to a cave outside of Athens, where he discovers a gold cache. Timons is discovered by Alcibiades, an Athenian army general who has been exiled from Athens for other reasons. Timons gives gold to Alcibiades, who uses it to bribe the army into marching on Athens. Timons is also visited by a band of pirates who are given gold in return for attacking Athens, which they do. Timons even abandons his devoted servant and finds himself alone.
10) “Titus Andronicus”: Titus Andronicus is deceived by the new emperor, Saturninus, who marries Tamora, Queen of the Goths, and despises Titus for murdering her sons and capturing her after a successful 10-year war effort. Titus' remaining children are framed, killed, or raped, and he is forced to flee the country. Later, he concocts a revenge scheme in which he murders Tamora's two remaining sons and kills his daughter, Tamora, Saturninus, and himself. Only Lucius (Titus's only surviving child), young Lucius (Lucius's son), Marcus (Titus's brother), and Aaron the Moor (Tamora's former lover) are still alive at the end of the play. Erin is executed, and Lucius succeeds him as Emperor.