Ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic uzbekistan state world languages university

Comparison of morphological level of the English and Native languages
For a full comparison of the typological characteristic in the category of the number, we have to find out in which place does this category take in the system of another language.
If we take as an example the Russian language, we can easily find its characteristic features in numerals, in adjectives, pronouns, verbs. For example: Я беру, ты берешь, вы берете, etc.
In comparison with the Russian language, the sememe of the singularity of the English language is presented just with zero morphemes, for example: town, play, etc. However the sememe of singularity in Russian represented by morphemes: -й, ex: сарай, край; -а, -я ex: река; -о,-е ex: окно. But plurality in both languages can be represented with the sememe of the plurality by adding endings –ы, -и, -а for Russian and –s, -es for English.
In both languages, there are a lot of groups that are representatives of the sememe of plurality. Some of them are alike in both languages. Ex: ножницы-scissors, брюки-trousers, весы-scales, очки-glasses
In general English plurality model can be divided into 3 variants:
N-N+(e)s ex: cup-cups, assistant-assistants, face-faces, photo-photos
N-N+en ex: ox-oxen, child-children
N-Npl (with the changes of vowels in roots) ex: man-men, foot-feet, mouse-mice, etc.
In Uzbek suffix –lar may represent not only plurality but other meanings as well.
Ex: respect: Hamid aka keldilarmi?
Approximate time: Soat o‘nlarda kelish kerak.
Besides that, it can express the meanings such as superlative, collective, irony and type.


Questions for self-control:

1. The morphological level is one of the main parts of a language hierarchy. Prove it.

2. Can you explain the problem of typological classification in Linguistics?
3. What is the structural difference between analytic and synthetic languages?
4. Characterize 4 types of languages according to typologicall classification.
5. Compare English Russian and Uzbek morphemic structure.
6. Is your native language analytic or synthetic? Prove it.