Ministry of education tashkent financial institute

Conclusion
In general, the purpose of the introduction of free economic zones is as follows attracting foreign investment in the national economy incentives; integration of the national economy into the world economy increase the level; strengthening the country's export potential; effective employment of the population; living standards of the population of a particular area improving the living standards of the entire population of the country on the basis of increasing; transition from a closed economy to an open economy; of the region increase innovation opportunities. It is based on the goals of forming a free zone.
There are certain requirements for placement. General requirements include:
-favorable transport and geographical location for domestic and foreign markets
- availability of transport links;
- developed production potential;
- availability of production and social infrastructure;
- natural resource potential in terms of reserves and values.
In some cases, FEZ is not necessary in pre-developed areas new for the implementation of long-term government programs will also be established in the regions being developed. From organizing them not only economic benefits have been obtained, but also many social issues of the region also resolved. Some established FEZs have failed. The reasons are as follows:
- political reasons related to the general instability in the country;
- excessive in the eyes of the investor in the legislation on the investment regime in the region
- complicated economic reasons;
- organizational reasons related to FEZ management
In general, FEZs around the world usually attract foreign investment is established for the purpose of with their help, the government is within the country seeks to address a number of existing economic problems. FEZs foreign economic activity of the country by attracting investments to activate, to reduce social tensions, to raise the status of the country allows. The experience of many countries shows that the implementation of the FEZ the country's economy through a proper approach to growth mechanisms level. Each of the goals and objectives in the organization of FEZ comprehensive and in - depth development, many factors, namely the country economic location, stability in investment and tax legislation,
the country’s foreign trade relations and other factors need to be taken into account.Only then will FEZs be effective. In this study, the stages of the establishment of FEZ of several countries, are applied conditions and operating experience were considered. Therefore, the following conclusions were drawn:
-the establishment of the FEZ will be primarily aimed at attracting foreign capital;
- there is a system of permanent or temporary tax benefits in the FEZ;
- FEZ residents are generally exempt from certain taxes;
- foreign trade related to the implementation of trade relations ;
-the provision of incentives activates exports and imports as needed allows the national manufacturer to achieve the level of their product allows it to export to foreign markets;
-customs duties on goods imported into and exported from the FEZ inspected;
-pursue a deep and well-thought-out policy for the effective functioning of the FEZ should. Based on these conclusions, formulate the following suggestions you can:
-it is necessary to further improve the legal framework for the establishment of FEZ.The type, purpose and tasks of the FEZ established in the legislation are clear should be specified. In the regulatory documents on the established FEZ clear indication of the benefits created for foreign and domestic investors and legislation in general needs to be transparent. Otherwise established in Russia may fail, as some FEZs do,regular and normative on the activities of FEZs established in the countrylevel of government control. In this case, the upper and lower controls it is necessary to clearly define the functions of the bodies. So far, in China the basis for the success of the created SEZs is also the governance of the government there and is explained by the magnitude of its role in regulation, favorable economic and geographical location of the region is necessary when choosing a free economic zone, production and market infrastructure, transport development of industries, high level of scientific, technical and educational potential features such as ownership should be considered. Otherwise for organizational work have to incur large costs by the state, foreign investment in the development of industrial sectors in our country more need is felt. That is why we have FEZs for foreign investors in relation to SEZs established in neighboring countries better incentives should be provided. For this, of course, the neighbor
the current legislation of the states should be studied and analyzed. Most the experience of foreign countries shows that the first benefits of FEZ participants exempt from income and income tax for a period of 5 years from the date of receipt are made. For the next 5 years, zone participants are designated for income tax pay 50% of the rate, but the amount of tax paid to the budget not more than 25% of the income received. After the second 5 years, the zone profit (income) at the rate accepted for all participants pay taxes. This is for the investor to return the investment he has made is a good privilege.
If the benefits are not sufficient, FEZ can not attract investors, if it is in excess of the budget losses. As a guarantee of successful operation of the FEZ, is the stability of legislation over the long term and international experience shows that it is necessary to provide tax benefits in FEZ, but this is not enough for the FEZ to function well. To do business a favorable business environment, such as the presence or absence of administrative barriers is of great importance. Sufficient administrative incentives for investors as well need to provide. For example, citizens and foreigners working in the FEZ introduction of a convenient visa system for investors; Foreign bank in the territory of FEZ permitting the establishment of branches, etc. The FEZ area will occupy a large area to achieve greater economic efficiency not necessarily. World experience shows that the optimal size of the FEZ area is one or two sq.km. to several sq.km. Because how big is the FEZ if the territory is occupied, it is so large as to be created by the state as well cost is required.