Microsoft Word metod t10. doc

 
Summary: 
The Grammar Translation Method: 
1. Classes are taught in the mother tongue, with little active use of the target language. 
2. Much vocabulary is taught in the form of lists of isolated words. 
3. Long elaborate explanations of the intricacies of grammar are given. 
4. Grammar provides the rules for putting words together and instruction often 
focuses on the form and inflection of words. 
5. Reading of difficult classical texts is begun early. 
6. Little attention is paid to the content of texts, which are treated as 
exercises in grammatical analysis. 
7. Often the only drills are exercised in translating disconnected sentences from 
the target language into the mother tongue. 
8. Little or no attention is given to pronunciation. 

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There were many serious disadvantages «i-the grammar-translation 
method. Here are some obvious ones: 
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1) The grammatical analysis was very neat and satisfactory for the 
grammarians who had devised it, but it often made facts about the language very 
confusing to the students. 
2) The method put a tremendous strain on students' memories. 
3) Word-to-word translations were often unsatisfactory. 
4) The students had to learn a lot of grammatical terms ( noun, tense, 
indicative, etc). In fact, they had to learn a new language, talking about 
language. 
The grammar-translation method in its orthodox form was practised in schools in the 
XVIII-th and XlX-th centuries. The development of pedagogies, psychology 
and linguistics brought changes in the grammar-translation method. It was 
greatly modified at the end of the XlX-th century and in the XX-th century, and, 
first of all, these modifications dealt with the approach to the relationship of "two 
grammars". Instead of forcing the target language into the mold of the 
learner's native language, the 
"grammars" 
are compared with the result of 
better comprehension and retention in all points of difference and 
interference. The grammar-translation method is often mentioned even 
nowadays when one wants to emphasize a traditional approach to foreign language 
teaching.