Microsoft Word 2007 ichrie conference Proceedings Final-Final 06-06-07. doc

Selected City differences based on Kruskal Wallis Median Rank Tests 
Factors 
Arusha 
Dar es 
Salaam Mwanza 
Asymp. 
Sig. 
Legal – Expenditure 
> Median 
6 
0 
0 
0.09 
<= 
Median 5 3 0
Consulting – Expenditure 
> 
Median 6 1 0 
0.09 
<= 
Median 3 4 0
Quality of Service in Small Hotels and Restaurants 
> Median 3 1 5 
0.08 
<= 
Median 6 8 3
Products and Services Provided in Small Hotels and 
Restaurants 
> 
Median 4 0 1 
0.09 
<= 
Median 6 9 5
Safety of Food Supply 
> Median 
4 
2 
6 
0.09 
<= 
Median 5 7 2
Quality of Access to Technology 
Training > 
Median 8 2 2 
0.03 
<= 
Median 2 7 4
Use of Operations Equipment 
> Median 
2 
2 
5 
0.03 
<= 
Median 7 7 1
Training in Accounting 
> Median 
1 
2 
5 
0.02 
<= 
Median 9 7 2
Training in Finance 
> Median 
2 
2 
5 
0.07 
<= 
Median 8 6 2
Development policies
Mean rank tests show that telephones appear to be more important for businesses in Dar es Salaam and 
Mwanza than in Arusha (Table 2). All ‘quality of infrastructure services’ were ranked higher by Mwanza than other 
two cities. Dar es Salaam ranked them the lowest, except telephone and cell phones where Arusha was the lowest. 
Interpretation of ranks that relate to days required to obtain various government licenses and approvals is essentially 
reversed. Days required for getting licenses – business and Ministry of Tourism and Natural Resources - were the 
higher in Dar es Salaam and Mwanza than in Arusha. K-W M tests also suggest respondents differed in their 
perception of quality of labor certification service and land ownership certification. For labor certification, Dar es 
Salaam ranked highest while in land ownership Arusha was ranked first. In both cases, Mwanza ranked third. It is 
interesting to note that Arusha valued telephone less than the other two cities. Arusha also had a higher percentage 
of international travelers and, therefore, it is highly likely that a major mode of communication was via email. 
Respondents from Arusha and Dar es Salaam ranked their infrastructure lower than those from Mwanza. This may 
be largely because the usage pressure on infrastructure was perceived heavier in these two cities than in Mwanza. It 
was interesting to note that even though the Minister of Tourism and Natural Resources was located in Dar es 
Salaam it took them a higher number of days to get a license than in Mwanza and Arusha. Still, respondents in 
Mwanza needed relatively higher number of days to obtain other licenses.

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