Metodika final exam. What is linguo-cultural teaching and learning?

Take any two techniques of ALM and explain their application to the lesson

The techniques used by the Audiolingual Method are:
1. Repetition drill: this drill is often used to teach the lines of the dialogue. Students are asked to repeat the teacher’s model as accurately and as quickly as possible.
2. Single- slot substitution drill: the teacher says a line, usually from the dialogue. Next, the teacher says a word or a phrase (called cue). The students repeat the line from the dialogue which the teacher has given them, substituting the cue into the line in its proper place. The major purpose of this drill is to give the students practice in finding and filling in the slots of a sentence.
3. Question-and-answer drill： this drill gives students practice with answering questions. The students should answer the teacher’s question very quickly. Although we did not see it in our lesson here, it is also possible for the teacher to cue the students to ask questions as well. This gives students practice with the question pattern.
4. Expansion drill： this drill helps students to produce longer sentence bit by bit, gradually achieving fluency. The main structure is repeated first, then students have to put cue phrase in its proper place. e.g.
5. multiple- slot substitution drill: this drill is similar to the single- slut substitution drill. The difference is that the teacher gives cue phrases, one at a time that fit into different slots in the dialogue line. The students must recognize what part of speech each cue is, or at least, where it fits into the sentence, and make any other changes, such as subject-verb agreement. They then say the line, fitting the cue phrase into the line where it belongs.

61. 
    Speak about the role of instructional materials
    

The role of instructional materials
A wide variety of materials have been used to support communicative approaches to language teaching. Unlike some contemporary methodologies, such as Community Language Learning, practitioners of Communicative Language Teaching view materials as a way of influencing the quality of classroom interaction and language use. Materials thus have the primary role of promoting communicative language use. We will consider three kinds of materials currently used in CLT and label these text-based, task-based, and realia.

62.