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The combinations most important in the human diet are the monosaccharides

(e. g., glucose = dextrose), disaccharides (e. g., lactose = milk

sugar), and polysacccharides (e. g., starch). Our diet contains chiefly

monosaccharides contained especially in honey and fruit, disaccharides

in milk and in all foods sweetened with the common household sugar

saccharose (sucrose, cane sugar), and polysaccharides in vegetable

(starch) and animal (glycogen) products. Carbohydrates can only be

stored in small quantities in the body. For instance, during starvation

the total store of glycogen in the liver and the skeletal muscles (about

300−400 g) is used up in a day and a half. Because of their sweet taste,