Mathematical disciplines

Complete the sentences below with words from the box.

changing quantity	integral
limit	infinite series
Archimedes

1. 
   Newton's calculus was the application of …
   
2. 
   Calculus is a branch of mathematics using the idea of ….
   
3. 
   Only in the 20th century the idea of … has been extended and got new uses.
   
4. 
   One of the greatest Greek mathematicians ... is justly called “the father of the integral calculus”.
   
5. 
   It was Newton who regarded a function as …
   

Comprehension
Read the text and answer the questions in your own words.

1. 
   What idea is constantly used in calculus?
   
2. 
   How many parts is calculus divided into?
   
3. 
   What for can integral and differential calculus be used?
   
4. 
   What way did Archimedes consider areas of curves?
   
5. 
   Kepler thought that solids were composed of an infinite set of infinitesimally small elements, didn't he?
   
6. 
   What is differential calculus concerned with?
   
7. 
   What way did Newton regard a function in his original theory?
   
8. 
   What quantity did Newton call a fluxion?
   
9. 
   What idea was used by Newton in his theory of calculus?
   
10. 
    Is the modern notation of dy/dx and the elongated s for integration due to Leibniz or Newton?
    
11. 
    Did integration come to be regarded simply as the inverse process of differentiation from the time of Newton or Archimedes?
    
12. 
    Who put forward a definition based on the so called “Lebesgue measure of a set”?
    

Tests

1. 
   Choose the correct answer.
   

This complaint has been_______, “a good mathematical proof is like a poem-this is a telephone directory.

1. 
   Paraphrased
   
2. 
   Paraphrasing
   
3. 
   Paraphrase
   
4. 
   Paraphrases
   

2. 
   Choose the correct answer.
   

Turing and von Neumann both _______the usefulness of the binary arithmetic system for storing computer programs.

1. 
   Recognized
   
2. 
   Recognizing
   
3. 
   Recognizes
   
4. 
   To recognize
   

3. 
   Choose the correct answer.
   

The Turing machine, as it became known, ____ a precursor ___ the modern computer.

1. 
   Was/of
   
2. 
   Were/of
   
3. 
   Was/into
   
4. 
   Are/out
   

4. 
   Choose the correct answer.
   

The first large-scale digital computers ________in the 1940s.

1. 
   Were pioneered
   
2. 
   Was pioneered
   
3. 
   Were pioneering
   
4. 
   None
   

5. 
   Choose the correct answer.
   

E. Norbert Wiener developed the field known ____ cybernetics.

1. 
   As
   
2. 
   With
   
3. 
   For
   
4. 
   Of
   

6. 
   Choose the correct answer.
   

Cybernetics _______communication and control systems in living organisms.

1. 
   Is now applied to
   
2. 
   Is now applied for
   
3. 
   Is now applying to
   
4. 
   None
   

7. 
   Choose the correct answer.
   

_____increasingly complex computers are built, the field of artificial intelligence has drawn attention.

1. 
   As
   
2. 
   When
   
3. 
   After
   
4. 
   Before
   

8. 
   Choose the correct answer.
   

Gottfried Leibniz’s greatest achievement was an invention of _____

1. 
   Calculus
   
2. 
   Mathematics
   
3. 
   Computer
   
4. 
   Discovery
   

9. 
   Choose the correct answer.
   

Napier, who was interested ___ simplification, studied the systems of the Indian and Islamic worlds and spent years producing the tables of logarithms that he published in 1614.

1. 
   In
   
2. 
   For
   
3. 
   With
   
4. 
   Of
   

10. 
    Choose the correct answer.
    

The 17th century saw the greatest advances ___ mathematics since the time of the ancient Greeks.

1. 
   In
   
2. 
   For
   
3. 
   With
   
4. 
   Of
   

Q	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A

Интернет манбаалари

1. 
   https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-the-disciplines-of-mathematics.htm
   
2. 
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areas_of_mathematics
   
3. 
   https://www.thoughtco.com/glossary-of-mathematics-definitions