Mathematical disciplines

2. Algebra
One of the most widely used disciplines of mathematics, algebra involves the study of mathematical variables, functions, equations and the rules associated with them. It uses unknown quantities represented by letters or symbols. It is the most basic and essential field of study and has applications across all the disciplines. Most commonly, it is used for solving equations for unknown variables. A typical algebra problem would look like:

The equation-solving rules in algebra are often applied in other disciplines as well.
3. Geometry
The study of shapes, sizes, distance, location, etc. is called geometry. It covers length, area and volume, in 1, 2 and 3 dimensional planes, respectively. It has many applications in our day-to-day life, such as finding the area of a plot of land, finding volume of a gas cylinder, etc. It also has many complex applications, such as in the field of astronomy to mark locations of stars, calculating distances between two celestial bodies, etc.

Various geometrical shapes

Geometry forms the basis of the next discipline, trigonometry.
4. Trigonometry
This discipline involves the study of relationship between angles and sides of a triangle. Most commonly it is used for right-angled triangles. It has special functions, called trigonometric functions that relate the sides and angles. In real life applications, it is used commonly for findings heights of towers, buildings, mountains, etc. Trigonometric functions are also used in study of waves and their characteristics.