Маъсул муҳаррир: Филология фанлари доктори, профессор: Г. Х. Боқиева Тақризчилар

Discussion question
1. Point out the features of the Danish language.
2. Point out the features of the English language.
3. Point out the features of the German language.
4. Point out the features of the Swedish language.
5. Point out the features of the Norwegian language.
6. Minor Germanic languages in the world.


Reference

1. 
   The Cambridge History of the English language. Vol. I. Cambridge University Press, 2005, 613 p.
   
2. 
   Don Ringe. From Proto –Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press, 2006, 366 p.
   
3. 
   Hogg R. Introduction to Old English. Edinburgh University Press, 2002, 174 p.
   
4. 
   Kuldashev A.M. An Introduction to Germanic Philology. Tashkent, Шарқ Нашр Матбаа акционерлик жамияти. 2010, 154 p.
   
5. 
   Қўлдашев А.М., Хамзаев С.А. Инглиз тили тарихи. Т. Darssprint нашр, 2015. 192 бет.
   
6. 
   Kuldashev A.M. Formation and Development of the Global language. – Tashkent, Turon Iqbol, 2016. 118 p.
   

Chapter VII. THE GOTHIC LANGUAGE.


Key questions.
1. The Reason of our applying to the facts of the Gothic language.
2. The Pre-History of the Gothic tribes.
3. The linguistic features of the Gothic language.
4. Features of Gothic Grammar.
5. Sources for the study of the Gothic language.

These earliest monuments of the Old Germanic written language, which give us the possibility of speaking about the structure and the vocabulary of the languages, were written in Gothic. The written records of other Old Germanic languages appeared much later, several centuries after. The monuments of the Gothic language reflect the stage in its development when it is still possible to reveal to a certain extent the main peculiarities which characterize Old Germanic languages as a whole. Later on, when written monuments of other Old Germanic languages appeared, these peculiarities had become obliterated or changed considerably, so that only a comparison with Gothic makes it possible to reconstruct the earliest stage in their development or at Least to understand the origin of the phenomenon under review.

The early appearance of monuments in Gothic is due to the activities of Ulfilas (in Gothic Wulfila), a Gothic bishop and scholar (311-383). For more than 40 years he labored, first making a Gothic alphabet so that he could translate the Bible and then teaching his people the new faith. This Bible translated by Ulfilas is centuries older than the earliest writing which we have in any other Old Germanic languages, so its historical value is very great.
The manuscripts containing the fragments of the biblical translation which have come down to us, are not contemporary with Ulfilas, they were written in the West Gothic dialect in Italy about the year 500.
The monuments are the following: