Reference Material
The Cambridge History of the English language. Vol. I. Cambridge University Press, 2005, 613 p.
Don Ringe. From Proto –Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press, 2006, 366 p.
Hogg R. Introduction to Old English. Edinburgh University Press, 2002, 174 p.
Kuldashev A.M. An Introduction to Germanic Philology. Tashkent, Шарқ Нашр Матбаа акционерлик жамияти. 2010, 154 p.
Қўлдашев А.М., Хамзаев С.А. Инглиз тили тарихи. Т. Darssprint нашр, 2015. 192 бет.
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Practice Assignment
1. Compare the following ME sentences with their translation into ModE and point out peculiarities of the syntactic structure in both periods. Analyse changes of the syntactic structure and determine their causes:
1. Mest al that me licede ar nu hit me mislichet. = Most of what I loved before I don’t like now.
2. ... me thunketh that deth hath don us wrong... = ...I think that death has done us wrong...
3. ...to late ic habbe me bithogt, bute god me don milce. = ...too late I have bethought myself of that, but god has done me mercy.
4. Leir king wende on anne feld and reste hine on folden... = King Lear went to the field and rested there on the ground...
2. Point out the subject and the predicate. State the means of their expression:
Me thought I showed man luf, when I made hym to be alle angels abuf, like to the trynyte; and now in grete reprufe fulle low ligis he, in erth hymself to stuf with sin that displeasse me most of alle...
3. Mark direct and indirect objects and state their peculiarities as compared with the norms of ModE. What changes can be traced and what are their causes?
1) ... ich hit thonkie the, mi leoue leifdi, and thonkie wulle, the hwule thet ich liuie.
2) A ship he bad me ordayn to safe us oure fee...
3) Thanne spak him child Horn...
4. Point out attributes and define the means of their expression. What is the form and function of their ModE equivalents?
1) Thu ert soule liht and mine heorte blisse.
2) ... mine heorte blod is thin.
3) Thou haves don a wicke dede.
4) Bruillant, the kyng of Mountmirree, of his stede him lijte adoun...
5) To the moost noble and worthiest lordes, moost rightful and wisest conseille to owre ligelorde the king...
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