Маъсул муҳаррир: Филология фанлари доктори, профессор: Г. Х. Боқиева Тақризчилар



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Bog'liq
A History of the English Language

Dat. plural

root

Stem- building affix

Case ending

Dagam (to days)

Dag-

a-

-m

Gibom (to gifts)

Gib-

o-

-m

Gastim (to guests)

Gast-

i-

-m

Sunum (to sons)

Sun-

u-

-m

The OE noun (substantive) had 2 grammatical categories, the category of number and the category of case. Besides, nouns distinguished 3 genders: masculine, feminine and neuter which accounted for the division of nouns into morphological classes. The category of number consisted of two members, singular and plural. There were four cases: Nominative, Genitive, Dative and Accusative which performed different functions. Nominative was the case of the active agent, genitive – the case of nouns and pronouns used attributively with other nouns, Dative was the chief case used with prepositions, and Accusative indicated a relationship to a verb.
The most remarkable feature of OE nouns was their system of declension (up to 25 types). All in all there were only ten distinct endings and a few relevant root vowel interchanges used in noun paradigms.
In OE there were 4 types of substantive stems:

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