М. М. Кутепова The World of Chemistry Мир

3. Look through the text again and find the sentences where the author describes the following facts:

1. 
   Mendeleyev could foresee the existence of new elements because he was very gifted.
   

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2. 
   Scientists of Mendeleyev’s time didn’t believe that elements are connected with each other.
   
3. 
   Mendeleyev’s character made him order the elements.
   
4. 
   Mendeleyev’s work on the Periodic Table and the Periodic Law has long interested scientists.
   
5. 
   There were some scientists’ attempts to find a system to order the elements but they failed.
   
6. 
   Thanks to Mendeleyev modern chemistry uses the clearly developed Periodic System as the main instrument.
   

4. 
   Read the text thoroughly with a dictionary and answer the following questions choosing the correct answer out of the given ones:
   

1. 
   Where did Mendeleyev start ordering the elements?
   

1. 
   at school;
   
2. 
   at St. Petersburg University;
   
3. 
   abroad.
   

2. 
   Why did Mendeleyev turn to ordering the elements? Because:
   

1. 
   other scientists’ attempts failed;
   
2. 
   he had talent;
   
3. 
   he didn’t like disorder.
   

3. 
   What did the researchers try to do to find some order of the elements?
   

1. 
   they compared different properties;
   
2. 
   they read scientific literature;
   
3. 
   they denied the earlier attempts of the scientists.
   

4. 
   How did Mendeleyev list the elements?
   

1. 
   according to their names;
   
2. 
   according to their atomic weights;
   
3. 
   according to their chemical symbols.
   

5. 
   What did scientists of Mendeleyev’s time think about atoms of different elements?
   

1. 
   they were independent particles of nature;
   
2. 
   they were closely connected;
   
3. 
   they belonged to a well-ordered system.
   

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1. research worker	10. to exercise	18. applied
2. well-ordered	11. to influence	19. increasing
3. majority	12. could not bear	20. insight
4. firmly	13. had been	21. for example
5. were convinced	appointed	22. weight
6. particles	14. disorder	23. tools
7. advanced	15. comparison	24. nucleus
8. realized	16. according	25. lucidly
9. unsuccessful .	17. similarity	26. density
6. Match the synonyms in ex. 5 and ex. 6:
a) to affect	i) for instance	r) properly organized
b) investigator	j) centre	s) in agreement with
c) were sure	k) very small bits	t) thickness
d) unlucky	1) understood	u) used
e) resolutely	m) to exert	v) disliked very much
0 progressive	n) chaos	w) intuitive cognition
g) had been given	o) likeness	x) heaviness
a position	p) making greater	y) clearly
h) instruments	q) collation	z) a greater number

7. 
   Study carefully grammar table 4 in Appendix 1 and find in the text all the sentences containing the sequence of tenses. Translate them into Russian.
   

8. a) Translate the following sentences into Russian:

1. 
   The scientist said that our age was the age of chemistry.
   
2. 
   The ancient Greek philosophers thought that matter consisted of infinitely small particles.
   
3. 
   Aristotle believed that his theory would agree with the general views on nature.
   
4. 
   After Copernicus and Galileo everybody could'know that the Earth turns round the Sun.
   
5. 
   Cavendish discovered that water consists of a definite proportion of hydrogen and oxygen.
   

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6. 
   Few scientists of that time knew that Mendeleyev had discovered the Periodic System of Elements.
   
7. 
   It was reported that those interesting experiments would initiate a series of similar investigations.
   
8. 
   The professor said that they had found some unknown properties of that substance.
   
9. 
   It was reported that the new element would occupy the definite place in the Periodic Table.
   
10. 
    They assumed that their method of investigation could be applied in many experiments.
    

b) Translate the following sentences into English:

1. 
   Профессор сказал, что этот эксперимент проводится для иллюстрации его доклада.
   
2. 
   Студенты сказали, что узнали о новом открытии на семинаре.
   
3. 
   Преподаватель знал, что несколько студентов станут исследователями.
   
4. 
   Ученые были уверены, что некоторые открытия повлияли на научные взгляды Менделеева.
   
5. 
   Несколько прогрессивных ученых понимали, что существует определенная система элеменов.
   
6. 
   В своей книге Б. Н. Конарев доказывает, что в древности люди знали только те вещества, которые были им необходимы для жизни.
   
7. 
   Арабские алхимики уже в IX—X вв. считали, что все вещества можно разделить на органические и неорганические.
   
8. 
   Лавуазье ответил на те вопросы, на которые не могли найти ответы ученые нескольких поколений.
   
9. 
   Преподаватель рассказал на лекции, какой вклад внес Берцелиус в неорганическую химию.
   
10. 
    Мы знаем, что Берцелиус был автором нескольких учебников по химии.
    

6. 
   Listen to the presentation of a newly discovered element. Make notes. After the talk ask questions to clarify the points you don’t understand. Make use of opening phrases (see Unit 1). The notes and the words below will help you to understand the presentation better:
   

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