Lecture semantic classification of words

Antroponymes - proper names of people: Ann, Mary, John Smith, the Browns.
Toponymes - proper names of places, e.g. countries, cities, rivers, seas, etc: England, New York, the Volga, the Atlantic ocean, the Elbrus.
Going back to the stylistic differentiation of the English vocabulary and differences in the variants and dialects of English, we can further classify (and categorise) the vocabulary on yet other criteria. Variants of English are regional varieties having normalized literary vocabulary and used as the language of mass media, education and communication. Dialects are local varieties of a language used as a means of oral communication in small localities, they are set off (more or less sharply) from other varieties by some distinctive features of pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary. Thus, Americanism is a word or a word combination peculiar to the English language spoken in the USA. E.g. cookie, elevator, truck, apartment, etc. And also we can see Canadianisms, Australianisms, etc.
Slang words are those which are often regarded as a violation of the norms of Standard English, e.g. ‘governor’ for ‘father’, ‘missus’ for ‘wife’, ‘a gag’ for ‘a joke’, ‘dotty’ for ‘insane’. They are made in different social circles and often enter the general vocabulary making it more colourful and expressive, though sometimes cynical and harsh. For one word only – a head – we can find many slangisms, such as lemon, onion, pannikin and cruet (Australian), bean (US), barnet (British, Cockney).