Languages for intercultural communication and education


Mediated dialogue in sitcoms



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Mediated dialogue in sitcoms
As is the case in interviews, the discourse of televised drama or comedy
is radically altered by the presence of an audience. Most sitcoms, like most
interviews, have a studio audience present, representing the home audience,
and its responses in some instances prompt that of the home audience.
‘Canned laughter’ after all, refers to the artificial heightening of the live
studio response in a bid (sometimes counter-productive) to shape the
response of the home audience. Unlike interviews, however, which are still
spontaneous interactions (no matter how polished the guest’s anecdotes
might be), comedies are scripted. In some ways, the dialogues presented in
drama and comedy simulate everyday conversations, but the presence of a
studio audience and an audience at home changes the nature of the
exchanges. Comedy, in particular, can arise from (among other things) the
subversion and parody of the discourse structures of everyday conversa-
tion. Dialogue at cross-purposes is largely a complication of basic
information exchange. In the discussion of ‘second-storying’ (Chapter 3), a
Monty Python
comedy sketch was mentioned, which featured four
Yorkshiremen competing to tell the most absurd story about their
childhood poverty. A similar parody is used in the first episode of the US
sitcom
Friends.
This comedy, about a group of six twenty-somethings,
sharing adjacent apartments in New York, revolves, as the title suggests,
around their friendships and relationships. We would therefore expect
much of the language to have a bonding function. It is not surprising, then,
Using Literary, Media and Cultural Studies
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that poor-girl Pheobe supports the rich newcomer, Rachel, by telling a
story of shared experience. The comedy here lies in the audience’s recogni-
tion of the inappropriateness of the story (a fact acknowledged by the
character, Ross). Rachel’s flatmates are urging her to cut up the credit cards
which tie her to her family (a symbolic act which will put her on a par with
her new-found, hard-working ‘friends’):

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