Kenneth C. Laudon,Jane P. Laudon Management Information System 12th Edition pdf

private exchange  

Another term for a private industrial network.

private industrial networks  

Web-enabled networks linking systems

of multiple firms in an industry for the coordination of trans-

organizational business processes.

process specifications  

Describe the logic of the processes occurring

within the lowest levels of a data flow diagram. 

processing  

The conversion, manipulation, and analysis of raw input

into a form that is more meaningful to humans.

procurement  

Sourcing goods and materials, negotiating with

suppliers, paying for goods, and making delivery arrangements.