Kenneth C. Laudon,Jane P. Laudon Management Information System 12th Edition pdf

program-data dependence  

The close relationship between data

stored in files and the software programs that update and

maintain those files. Any change in data organization or format

requires a change in all the programs associated with those files.

programmers  

Highly trained technical specialists who write

computer software instructions.

programming  

The process of translating the system specifications

prepared during the design stage into program code.

project

Planned series of related activities for achieving a specific

business objective.

project management

Application of knowledge, tools, and

techniques to achieve specific targets within a specified budget

and time period.

protocol  

A set of rules and procedures that govern transmission

between the components in a network.

prototype  

The preliminary working version of an information system

for demonstration and evaluation purposes.

prototyping  

The process of building an experimental system quickly

and inexpensively for demonstration and evaluation so that users

can better determine information requirements.

public cloud 

A cloud maintained by an external service provider,

accessed through the Internet, and available to the general

public.