Jizzakh state pedagogical institute The Foreign language faculty Course Paper Theme : Phonetic and phonological aspects of the opposition of consonants Scientific supervisor : Rashidov Sanjar Group: 743-19 Written by: Meliyeva Munira

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Jizzakh state pedagogical institute
The Foreign language faculty

Course Paper
Theme : Phonetic and phonological aspects of the opposition of consonants
Scientific supervisor : Rashidov Sanjar
Group: 743-19
Written by: Meliyeva Munira
Subject: Theoretical aspects of the studied language
JIZZAKH 2022

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION…………………….............……………………..…........3 CHAPTER I. PHONETIC AND PHONOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE OPPOSITION OF CONSONANTS …………...........................……….….5 1.1. Phonetic aspects of the opposition of consonants........................................5 1.2.Phonological aspects of the opposition of consonants………………........10 CHAPTER II. PHONETIC AND PHONOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CONSONANTS………………....................……………….……........…... 13 2.1. Phonetic System of English……….........…………………….................13 2.2. English phonology...............................................................……. ….......18 CONCLUSION……….…..........................……………..……..……...........22 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………….........................……………….…..……......23

categories.

While certain cues are prioritized over others, many aspects of the signal can contribute to perception. For example, though oral languages prioritize acoustic information, the McGurk effect shows that visual information is used to distinguish ambiguous information when the acoustic cues are unreliable.Modern phonetics has three main branches:Articulatory phonetics, which addresses the way sounds are made with the articulators, Acoustic phonetics, which addresses the acoustic results of different articulations, and Auditory phonetics, which addresses the way listeners perceive and understand linguistic signals.

CONCLUSION

The study of phonology provides a better understanding of the correlation between the motor cortex, cranial nerves, and the articulatory organs. The motor cortex is the control center for speech production, and if there is an insult to this area then controlled speech production will be difficult to retain. We started by considering sounds and came to the conclusion that what are called sounds in everyday speech need to be broken up into separate levels or tiers. These embrace the tier of temporal positions, called the skeleton, and the tier of phonetic properties, called the melody. Furthermore, we saw on several occasions that the melody itself is a composite of units which act independently of other units within the melody.
The ordinary notion of the word has likewise turned out to require a reinterpretation in linguistic terms. We have seen that word-like units which function as separate entities for phonological purposes often comprise only parts of traditional (orthographic) words. What we need for phonology are domains which may but do not have to be coterminous with such words.The difference between the ordinary and the linguistic usage of terms emerges most dramatically in the case of the syllable.
While in everyday speech a word is said to be broken up into a number of consecutive syllables, we have seen that phonologically the situation is much more complex. The existence of empty nuclei and empty onsets introduces a basic divide between what ordinary intuitions prompt and what is required as a result of linguistic analysis. Similarly, membership in onsets or codas is not something which can be ascertained on the basis of an inspection of a phonetic sequence, but must result from a language-specific study within a framework which should be ready to accommodate any language.