Introduction to stylisticis the subject and main objectives of stylitics

Functional styles of language

• The object of linguostylistics as the study of the nature, functions and structure of SDs and EMs and the study of the functional styles of language.
• Functional style (FS) may be defined as a system of interrelated language means which serves a definite aim of communication
• FSs are sometimes called registers or discourses:
• the language of belles-lettres
• the language of publicistic literature
• the language of press/media
• the language of scientific prose
• the language of official documents
• I.V. Arnold mentions four styles: poetic style, scientific style, newspaper style, colloquial style.

Linguistic stylistics and literary stylistics

• The old man is dead. Старик умер.
• The gentleman well advanced in years attained the termination of his terrestrial existence. Старец скончался
• The ole bean kicked the bucket. Старый хрыч подох
• Linguistic stylistics and literary stylistics are two separate and at the same time interconnected branches of stylistics
• Linguistic stylistics studies functional styles of a language and the elements of language from the point of view of their ability to express and cause emotions
• Literary stylistics studies expressive means and stylistic devices characteristic for a definite work of art, man of letter, literary movement, trend or epoch, and factors influencing the expressiveness of language.
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Structure of Stylistics

• Phoneme
• Morpheme
• Lexeme
• Sentence
• Paragraph
• Text

• Stylistic phonetics
• Stylistic morphology
• Stylistic lexicology
• Stylistic syntax

Connection of stylistics with other branches of linguistics

• Connection of stylistics with other branches of linguistics
• Stylistics and phonetics: Phonetics studies sounds, articulation, rhythmics and intonation. Stylistics concentrates on expressive sound combinations, intonational and rhythmic patterns.
• Stylistics and lexicology: Lexicology describes words, their origin, development, semantic and structural features. Stylistics also deals with words, but only those which are expressive in language or in speech.
• Stylistics and grammar: Grammar describes regularities of building words, word-combinations, sentences and texts. Stylistics restricts itself to those grammar regularities, which make language units expressive.