Introduction to Industrial Automation

441

U

Ultrasonic level switches, 54–55

Ultrasonic proximity sensors, 46

Unfolded aluminum sheet, shearing machine of, 401, 

401f

V

Valves, pressurized air flow control, 167–174

directional valves, 167–168, 169f, 169t, 170f, 171t

electrical actuation, 170, 172–173

manual actuation, 168, 170, 172f

mechanical actuation, 170, 172f

pneumatic actuation, 174

Variables, permanent activation of, 310–312, 310f, 

311f

Varistor (Var) element, 210

VDE 0185, 253

Visualization, of pulp processing stages, 1, 2f

W

50 

Ω

 cable, 363

75 

Ω

 cable, 363

Wheatstone bridge, 61

Wiring diagrams, 11–12

Wooden plate stacking, painting and transferring 

process, 388, 388f

Working time monitoring, of machine under three-shift 

schedule, 397, 398f

Worktable

bidirectional lead screw movable, with two speeds, 

146–148

with memory, palindromic movement, 148–150

retentive reciprocating movement of, 387–388, 387f

Z

Zener diode, 206

Ziegler-Nichols method, 376

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