Introduction into the Infectious Diseases. Infections with fecal-oral mechanism of transmission. Infections with droplet mechanism of transmission. Tests

Erythromycin, chloramphenicol, benzylpenicillin or imodium

Tetracyclin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, benzylpenicillin or ofloxacin

Tetracyclin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, or bifi-form

* Chloramphenicol, erythromycin or ciprofloxacin

For a patient E., 37 years, bodyweight of 70 kg, frequent liquid emptying appeared with rise of body temperature, frequent vomiting joined in later. At an inspection: aphonia, eyes are hollow, pulse with frequent threadlike, blood pressure is not determined, tachypnea, total cramps. Liver and spleen are not enlarged. What volume of salt solutions must be entered for primary rehydration?

1. 
   * 7 L
   
2. 
   3,5 L
   
3. 
   5 L
   
4. 
   10 L
   
5. 
   2 L
   

For a patient E., 37 years, bodyweight of 70 kg, frequent liquid emptying appeared with rise of body temperature, frequent vomiting joined in later. At an inspection: aphonia, eyes are hollow, pulse with frequent threadlike, blood pressure is not determined, tachypnea, total cramps. Liver and spleen are not enlarged. What volume of salt solutions must be entered for primary rehydration?

1. 
   * 7 L
   
2. 
   3,5 L
   
3. 
   5 L
   
4. 
   10 L
   
5. 
   2 L
   

For a patient in 35, the disease begun rapidly with a chill, increase of temperature to 39 ?C, vomitting, pain in epigastrium, diarrhea with the watery stinking emptying. 6 hours before the disease he ate a raw egg, potato with the braised meat and drink juice. What exciter did cause the similar state probably?

1. 
   Shigella
   
2. 
   Collibacillus
   
3. 
   Campylobacter
   
4. 
   * Salmonella
   
5. 
   Citrobacter
   

For a student from India, 22 years, through a month appeared liquid emptying appeared after return from home, weak stomach-aches. In times of illness, lost 6 kg of mass. On subsequent day diarrhoe is abundant 10 times on a day, the type of “raspberry jelly” excrements. Stomach-aches joined and increase during defecation. Most probable diagnosis is ?

1. 
   Tumor of intestine
   
2. 
   Salmonellosis
   
3. 
   Shigellosis
   
4. 
   * Amebiasis
   
5. 
   HIV/AIDS
   

How to increase frequency of findings of cyst of lamblias in fresh incandescence and vegetative forms in duodenal content?

1. 
   Cultivation in thermostat
   
2. 
   By the method of floatation in bilious clear soup
   
3. 
   Cultivation in anaerobic chamber
   
4. 
   * By the applications of phase-contrast and lumencense microscopy with the help of methylen-orange
   
5. 
   To sow on a nourishing environment
   

In a hospital are admitted 5 patients in 15 hours. All of them have similar complains of mild diarrhea and vomiting, diplopia, midriasis, visual disturbance, difficulty in swallowing, dry mouth, difficulty in breathing. All patients together joined in a dinner party, used different dishes, including meat, salad, canned mushrooms. The most likely diagnosis.

1. 
   Cholera
   
2. 
   * Botulism
   
3. 
   Typhoid fever
   
4. 
   Salmonellosis
   
5. 
   Rotaviral gastroenteritis
   

In permanent establishment a patient admited with complaints of stomach-ache, fever and diarrhea. Stool is liquid, stinking, with the admixtures of pus and blood. About what disease it is necessary to think about?

1. 
   * Balantidiasis
   
2. 
   Rotaviral gastroenteritis
   
3. 
   Food poisoning
   
4. 
   Amebiosis
   
5. 
   Giardiasis
   

Most probable diagnose will be:

1. 
   Trichinosis
   
2. 
   * Enterobiosis
   
3. 
   Ascaridosis
   
4. 
   Helminthosis
   
5. 
   Cystitis
   

Most probable diagnose will be:

1. 
   Trichinosis
   
2. 
   * Enterobiosis
   
3. 
   Ascaridosis
   
4. 
   Helminthosis
   
5. 
   Cystitis
   

Name the cause of giardiasis:

1. 
   L. Canicola
   
2. 
   B. Coli
   
3. 
   * L. Іntestinalis
   
4. 
   S. Boidii
   
5. 
   L. pomona
   

?Patient 25 years, complaints of double vision, a decreasing of vision, shortness of breath. Before the disease ate mushrooms of home preservation. Objective: pallor, wide pupils with a weak reaction on light, dry mouth, a violation of swallowing, flatulence, constipation. What is preliminary diagnosis.

1. 
   Leptospirosis
   
2. 
   Yersinioz
   
3. 
   * Botulism
   
4. 
   Giardiasis
   
5. 
   Salmonellosis
   

Patient 28 years old, complaints about an increased appetite, weakness, decreased physical activity tolerance, pain in stomach. Objectively: colour of skin is pale, signs of meteorism,and glossitis. In blood thereis diminished amount of red cells, leucocytes, thrombocyte and hypochromic anaemia. It is known from epideminological anamnesis, that the patient had spent 4th months on Volga river and had eaten the salted fish and caviar. What is the most probable pathology which predetermines such picture?

1. 
   Teniosis
   
2. 
   Anaemia
   
3. 
   * Difilobotriosis
   
4. 
   Opisthorchosis
   
5. 
   Helminthosis
   

Patient 28 years old, complaints about an increased appetite, weakness, decreased physical activity tolerance, pain in stomach. Objectively: colour of skin is pale, signs of meteorism,and glossitis. In blood thereis diminished amount of red cells, leucocytes, thrombocyte and hypochromic anaemia. It is known from epideminological anamnesis, that the patient had spent 4th months on Volga river and had eaten the salted fish and caviar. What is the most probable pathology which predetermines such picture?

1. 
   Teniosis
   
2. 
   Anaemia
   
3. 
   * Difilobotriosis
   
4. 
   Opisthorchosis
   
5. 
   Helminthosis
   

Patient 30 years old, complains about weakness, increasing of temperature up to 39.2 °C, pain in muscles, fatigue, edema present. 2 weeks ago he was used pork with the flab of meat. Edema is present,an enlarged liver is palpable. The BP is 90/60 mm of Hg. In blood analysis: leucocytes – 12,4-109, eos – 19 %, young neutrophills – 2 %, neutrophills – 59 %, lymphocytes– 16 %, mon – 4 %. Specify the most probable diagnosis.

1. 
   Leptospirosis
   
2. 
   Flu
   
3. 
   * Trichinosis
   
4. 
   Typhoid
   
5. 
   Spotted fever
   

Patient 30 years old, complains about weakness, increasing of temperature up to 39.2 °C, pain in muscles, fatigue, edema present. 2 weeks ago he was used pork with the flab of meat. Edema is present,an enlarged liver is palpable. The BP is 90/60 mm of Hg. In blood analysis: leucocytes – 12,4-109, eos – 19 %, young neutrophills – 2 %, neutrophills – 59 %, lymphocytes– 16 %, mon – 4 %. Specify the most probable diagnosis.

1. 
   Leptospirosis
   
2. 
   Flu
   
3. 
   * Trichinosis
   
4. 
   Typhoid
   
5. 
   Spotted fever
   

Patient 35 years old, was entered to the clinic with complaints about grumbling in a stomach, propensity to diarrhea, that are already present during 2 months. After the last two weeks at the act of defecation noticed moving snatches of flat struture. Has habit to use in a meal the raw stuffing from meat of home animal with spices. At colonoscopy there are numerous lateral folds which fills almost all segment.What is the drug of choice for treatment?

1. 
   Mebendazol
   
2. 
   Combantrin
   
3. 
   Albendazol
   
4. 
   * Phenasalum
   
5. 
   Medamin
   

Patient 35 years old, was entered to the clinic with complaints about grumbling in a stomach, propensity to diarrhea, that are already present during 2 months. After the last two weeks at the act of defecation noticed moving snatches of flat struture. Has habit to use in a meal the raw stuffing from meat of home animal with spices. At colonoscopy there are numerous lateral folds which fills almost all segment.What is the drug of choice for treatment?

1. 
   Mebendazol
   
2. 
   Combantrin
   
3. 
   Albendazol
   
4. 
   * Phenasalum
   
5. 
   Medamin
   

Patient 35 years old, was entered to the clinic with complaints about grumbling in a stomach, propensity to diarrhea, that are already present during 2 months. After the last two weeks at the act of defecation noticed moving snatches of flat struture. Has habit to use in a meal the raw stuffing from meat of home animal with spices. At colonoscopy there are numerous lateral folds which fills almost all segment.What is the drug of choice for treatment?

1. 
   Mebendazol
   
2. 
   Combantrin
   
3. 
   Albendazol
   
4. 
   * Phenasalum
   
5. 
   Medamin
   

Patient A, 29 years old, appealed with complaints about the decline of appetite, nausea, vomit, stomach-ache, diarrhea pain of chest, weakness, dizziness, parahypnosis.There is present hypochromic anaemia.Periodically used raw and half cooked raw pork. What most probable diagnosis?

1. 
   Teniarinhosis
   
2. 
   Difilobotriosis
   
3. 
   * Teniosis
   
4. 
   Trichinellosis
   
5. 
   Ascaridosis
   

Patient A, 29 years old, appealed with complaints about the decline of appetite, nausea, vomit, stomach-ache, diarrhea pain of chest, weakness, dizziness, parahypnosis.There is present hypochromic anaemia.Periodically used raw and half cooked raw pork. What most probable diagnosis?

1. 
   Teniarinhosis
   
2. 
   Difilobotriosis
   
3. 
   * Teniosis
   
4. 
   Trichinellosis
   
5. 
   Ascaridosis
   

Patient A, 29 years old, appealed with complaints about the decline of appetite, nausea, vomit, stomach-ache, diarrhea pain of chest, weakness, dizziness, parahypnosis.There is present hypochromic anaemia.Periodically used raw and half cooked raw pork. What most probable diagnosis?

1. 
   Teniarinhosis
   
2. 
   Difilobotriosis
   
3. 
   * Teniosis
   
4. 
   Trichinellosis
   
5. 
   Ascaridosis
   

Patient A., 17 years old, appeared with complaints about headache, stomachache, nausea, enhanceable fatigue ability, insignificant pain and sometimes diarrhea. He was sick during 4 months. Day prior he was addressed to the hospital in incandescence noticed a round worm length 15cm. What will be the best treatment for him?

1. 
   Levomycitin
   
2. 
   * Decaris
   
3. 
   Akrikhin
   
4. 
   Ftalazol
   
5. 
   Furazolidon
   

Patient A., 17 years old, appeared with complaints about headache, stomachache, nausea, enhanceable fatigue ability, insignificant pain and sometimes diarrhea. He was sick during 4 months. Day prior he was addressed to the hospital in incandescence noticed a round worm length 15cm. What will be the best treatment for him?

1. 
   Levomycitin
   
2. 
   * Decaris
   
3. 
   Akrikhin
   
4. 
   Ftalazol
   
5. 
   Furazolidon
   

Patient B., 20 years, became ill acutely. The unexpected severe diarrhea appeared with frequent vomiting, with plenty of vomits. The patient arrived from a South-east Asia countries. He has temperature 36,1 ?C during 3 weeks. Abdomen is pulled, not painful. Stool is a rice-water. What most reliable changes in blood will be present?

1. 
   Increasing amount of erytrocytes, leucocytes, relative closeness of plasma of blood, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis
   
2. 
   Decreasing of amount of erytrocytes, leucocytes, relative closeness of plasma of blood, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis
   
3. 
   Decreasing of amount of erytrocytes, leucocytes, increase of relative closeness of plasma of blood, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis
   
4. 
   * Decreasing amounts of erytrocytes, leucocytes, relative closeness of plasma of blood, metabolic hypokalemic acidosis
   
5. 
   Increasing of amount of erytrocytes, leucocytes, relative closeness of plasma of blood, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis
   

Patient C, 17 years old, worker of vegetable garden. Became sick 2 days ago. The disease is related to use of meal of dirty root crop. Disease begun with chill, fever of 38.1 ?C, had pain in abdomen and in the muscles of all groups and joints, weakness, nausea. Emptying is liquid, viscid, with a strong smell, ordinary color. At objective examination: sclera, conjunctivitis, hyperemia of soft palate, “raspberry” tongue. At palpation of abdomen – moderate pain in epigastrium and in right iliac area. What will be the diagnosis?

1. 
   Cholera
   
2. 
   Dysentery
   
3. 
   Salmonellosis
   
4. 
   * Scarlet fever
   
5. 
   Viral hepatitis
   

Patient C., 36 years old, periodically visits Egypt for a business purpose, became acutely ill. Complaints about a ferver of 38 ?C, with chills and shevering, pain in right hypochorium.Insignificant icterus.Liver is enlarged,some hyperechogeninic area . In blood neutrophilic leucocytosis, increased ESR. At ultrasound found out the purulent abscesses of liver. What disease it is needed to think about?

1. 
   Legionellosis
   
2. 
   Echinnococcosis
   
3. 
   Ascaridosis
   
4. 
   Cancer of liver with metastases
   
5. 
   * Amebiasis
   

Patient E, 47 years, became ill in 4 days after returning from Egypt. A disease begun with the liquid emptying which look like a watery kind afterwards, joined with frequent vomiting, expressed weakness and fatigue. The state progressively got worse and within 18 hrs was admitted in an infectious department in a very grave condition. The lines of person are strained, skin is cold, cyanosis, temperature of body 35.5 ?C. Aphonia, cramps of hands and feet. The skin fold falls out through the abdomen. A stomach is pulled; no pain at palpation. Blood pressure is 70 and 30 mm of Hg. The pulse on radial artery is not determined, urination and emptying normal. Weight of patient at admission to the hospital was 60 kg. What is the degree of dehydration of the patient?

1. 
   I
   
2. 
   II
   
3. 
   * IV
   
4. 
   III
   
5. 
   It is not
   

Patient E., 47 years, became ill in 4 days after returning from Egypt. A disease begun with the liquid stool which looks like a watery, joined with frequent vomiting, expressed weakness and fatigue. The state progressively got worse and within 18 hrs was admitted in an infectious department in a very severe condition. The skin is cold, cyanosis, temperature of body is 35.5 dC. Aphonia, cramps of hands and legs. The turgor of skin is decreased. A stomach is drawn-in; no pain at palpation. Blood pressure is 70 and 30 mm of Hg. The pulse on radial artery is not determined, urination and stool are normal. Weight of patient at admission to the hospital was 60 kg. What is the degree of dehydration of the patient?

1. 
   I
   
2. 
   II
   
3. 
   * IV
   
4. 
   III
   
5. 
   V
   

Patient F, 53 years, habitant of a village, diseased acutely,the symptoms of general intoxication, dysfunction of bowels appeared, emptying became semi-fluid with the admixtures of pus and blood. The stomach at palpation is soft, morbid along belly and ascending colon with spasm. At rectoscopy are found ulcers with diameter upto 10-20 mm, located along the folds of mucus membrane, have fillings out, sharp edges places, surrounded by the area of hyperemia, bottom is covered by pus and necrotizing masses. What disease it is needed to think about?

1. 
   * Balantidiasis
   
2. 
   Shigella
   
3. 
   Heterospecific ulcerous colitis
   
4. 
   Amebiosis
   
5. 
   New formation of colon
   

Patient M., 32 years old, during a month has disturbing cough, increasing of temperature up to 38.0 ?C. In anamnesis ascaridosis was found. On x-ray was found separate homogeneous infiltration without clear contour of bronchus. In blood test – еоsinophil is 55 %. What most probable diagnosis?

1. 
   * Eosinophil infiltration (Lefler syndrome)
   
2. 
   Plague
   
3. 
   Chronic bronchitis, acute phase
   
4. 
   Acquired pneumonia
   
5. 
   Tumour of lungs
   

Patient M., 32 years old, during a month has disturbing cough, increasing of temperature up to 38.0 PC. In anamnesis ascaridosis was found. On x-ray was found separate homogeneous infiltration without clear contour of bronchus. In blood test – еоsinophil is 55 %. What most probable diagnosis?

1. 
   * Eosinophil infiltration (Lefler syndrome)
   
2. 
   Plague
   
3. 
   Chronic bronchitis, acute phase
   
4. 
   Acquired pneumonia
   
5. 
   Tumour of lungs
   

Patient M., 32 years old, during a month has disturbing cough, increasing of temperature up to 38.0 ?C. In anamnesis ascaridosis was found. On x-ray was found separate homogeneous infiltration without clear contour of bronchus. In blood test – еоsinophil is 55 %. What most probable diagnosis?

1. 
   * Eosinophil infiltration (Lefler syndrome)
   
2. 
   Plague
   
3. 
   Chronic bronchitis, acute phase
   
4. 
   Acquired pneumonia
   
5. 
   Tumour of lungs
   

Patient O., 25 years, hospitalized with complaints about diarrhea up to 10-15 times a day. Month ago returned from Middle Asia. The general state is relatively satisfactory. The temperature of body is subfebrile.A stomach is soft, pain after motion of colon. Emptying is liquid with the considerable admixtures of glassy mucus and blood. What is most probable diagnosis?

1. 
   * Amebiasis
   
2. 
   Shigellosis
   
3. 
   Salmonellosis
   
4. 
   Tumor of intestine
   
5. 
   Enterohaemorrhagic echeriosis
   

Patient O., 47 years old, became ill acutely. Periodically visits Uzbekistan for a business purpose. Complaints about a ferver of 39,4 ?C with chills and shivering, and pain in right hypochorium, cough with sputum. Skin with an earthy tint. Signs of rightsided pneumonia.The liver and spleen are enlarged.In blood neutrophilic leucocytosis. On X-ray infiltration of pulmonary tissues is found, at ultrasound abdominal examenation numerous abscesses are present in a liver. What disease is it necessary to think about?

1. 
   Echeriosis
   
2. 
   Alveolitis
   
3. 
   * Amebiasis
   
4. 
   Cancer of liver is with metastases in lungs
   
5. 
   Legionellosis
   

Patient P, 35 years old, became ill within 2 days after returning from India. A disease begun with appearance of liquid diarrhea which resembled a watery appearance, afterwards joined with multiple vomit, expressed weakness and fatigue. State progressively got worse and within 12 hrs delivered in an infectious department in a grave condition. The skin is cold, cyanosis, temperature of body 35.5 ?C. Aphonia, cramps of hands and feet. A skin fold falls out from abdomen. The stomach is pulled in, no pain at palpation. Blood pressure is 70 and 30 mm of Hg. A pulse on a radial artery is not determined, urination and emptying are normal. Weight of patient at admission to the hospital was 80 kg. What volume of infusion solutions is needed for primary rehydration?

1. 
   10 liters
   
2. 
   * 8 liters
   
3. 
   4 liters
   
4. 
   6 liters
   
5. 
   2 liters
   

Patient P, 35 years old, became ill within 2 days after returning from India. A disease begun with appearance of liquid diarrhea which resembled a watery appearance, afterwards joined with multiple vomit, expressed weakness and fatigue. State progressively got worse and within 12 hrs delivered in an infectious department in a grave condition. The skin is cold, cyanosis, temperature of body 35.5 C. Aphonia, cramps of hands and feet. A skin fold falls out from abdomen. The stomach is pulled in, no pain at palpation. Blood pressure is 70 and 30 mm of Hg. A pulse on a radial artery is not determined, urination and emptying are normal. Weight of patient at admission to the hospital was 80 kg. What volume of infusion solutions is needed for primary rehydration?

1. 
   10 liters
   
2. 
   * 8 liters
   
3. 
   4 liters
   
4. 
   6 liters
   
5. 
   2 liters
   

Patient with complaints about a general weakness, diarrhoea appeared to the doctor. Objectively: temperature of body 36,4 ?C, skin covers clean, acrocyanosis, tongue is dry, stomach is soft, not painful, emptying is abundant, watery, with the supernatant flakes of white color, odourless and admixtures. For clarification of diagnosis culture of stool was made on Resselya. What is the color of culture chang?

1. 
   From blue to green
   
2. 
   From yellow to green
   
3. 
   From green to yellow
   
4. 
   From yellow to blue
   
5. 
   * From blue to yellow
   

Patient with complaints about a general weakness, diarrhoea appeared to the doctor. Objectively: temperature of body 36,4 PC, skin covers clean, acrocyanosis, tongue is dry, stomach is soft, not painful, emptying is abundant, watery, with the supernatant flakes of white color, odourless and admixtures. For clarification of diagnosis culture of stool was made on Resselya. What is the color of culture chang?

1. 
   From blue to green
   
2. 
   From yellow to green
   
3. 
   From green to yellow
   
4. 
   From yellow to blue
   
5. 
   * From blue to yellow
   

Patient, 27 years, appeared with complaints about weakness, irritation, pain of muscles, fever, dry cough, pain in thorax, shortness of breath. In lung - dry and moist rales and wheezes are determined without dulling of percutory sound. In sputum are еosinophil, crystals of Charkot-Leyden with admixtures of blood. On the repeated X-ray of lungs shows plural еosinophilic infiltrations of different sizes which change a form and localization (syndrome of Leffler).

1. 
   Tuberculosis of lungs
   
2. 
   Acute pneumonia
   
3. 
   Bronchitis
   
4. 
   AIDS
   
5. 
   * Ascaridosis
   

Patient, 27 years, appeared with complaints about nausea, heaviness in epigastrium, stomach-ache, diarhoea and general weakness. An increase in appetite, mass of body is decreased. In blood moderate anaemia and high eosinophilia. Noticed creeping out of segments with excrement. She likes to use raw meat. What will be the most probable diagnosis?

1. 
   * Teniarinhosis
   
2. 
   Difilobotriosis
   
3. 
   Teniosis
   
4. 
   Trichinellosis
   
5. 
   Ascaridosis
   

Patient, 27 years, appeared with complaints about weakness, irritation, pain of muscles, fever, dry cough, pain in thorax, shortness of breath. In lung - dry and moist rales and wheezes are determined without dulling of percutory sound. In sputum are еosinophil, crystals of Charkot-Leyden with admixtures of blood. On the repeated X-ray of lungs shows plural еosinophilic infiltrations of different sizes which change a form and localization (syndrome of Leffler).