Introducing English Linguistics

At dawn this morning the building was seen to be damaged and there’s
been no power since. 
(ICE-GB S2B-015 50)
The next two examples contain space adverbials answering the question
“where.” The words up and there are adverbs; the other two adverbials are
prepositional phrases:
Did you take a nap on the floor? 
(SBCSAE)
There’s a lot of other terminology up 
there in that document
(MICASE LES335JG065)
The degree adverbials below, very well and tremendously, answer the ques-
tion “To what extent”:
I can’t see very well from here. 
(ICE-GB S2A-051 100)
and Vinnie Samways is able to calm it down put his foot on the ball
steady it for Tottenham and find uh Terry Fenwick who must be enjoy-
ing this day tremendously
(ICE-GB S2A-015 230)
And the reason adverbials below answer the question “why.” In the first
example, the non-finite -ing clause explains that the pupil is better able to
communicate because he has developed these models: