Before analyzing the situation of creating free tourist zones, it is necessary to understand what
A free tourist zone is a territory with defined borders, where one or more tourist resources
(natural, historical, socio-cultural, medical and recreational facilities, as well as other facilities that can
meet the needs of tourists and tourists) are located, created for the development of inbound and domestic
A free tourist zone is equated to a free economic zone. It and companies registered here are
subject to the provisions on free economic zones, including the benefits and preferences provided for
A special tourist zone is a specific special territory where tourist resources and objects of the
tourist industry are concentrated, providing services to tourists by forming a certain tourist product on
historical zones and tourist and recreational zones are popular. Natural zones - as zones with natural
features, natural resources, land and water resources. These zones have scientific and environmental
value, so they are protected and preserved by the state. Historical zones – zones of historical cultural
significance, as well as small historical places. In such zones, tourists visit historical and cultural places
and monuments, as well as sightseeing. The following zones are tourist recreational zones, which are
used as a place of recreation and entertainment. These areas include the parking lot, recreational
facilities and picnic areas, places for making horse riding and hiking excursions, sports facilities and a
Thanks to the huge revenues of the tourism industry in recent years, much attention has been
paid to the development and improvement of tourist or recreational areas in the world. Revenues from
international and domestic tourism are growing by 9% on average every year in absolute terms; the
volume of revenues is 8.9 trillion US dollars, which is up to 10% of world GDP [4]. For small developed
countries in terms of territory and population size and developing countries, such zones are the main
International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology
Vol. 29, No. 8s, (2020), pp. 2274-2281
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ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST
Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERSC
Practice shows that tourism is one of the most important areas of the national economy of some
countries. Indonesia is located on 13 thousand Islands and is widely known for its habitats of birds, fish
resources, flower plants and mammals. In Indonesia, there are such tourist zones as North Sumatra,
Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, East Java, Bali, North Sulawesi, and South Sulawesi. The most popular
area of Indonesia is the island of Bali. Bali accounts for 1/3 of all foreign tourists coming to Indonesia.
The average per capita GDP in Bali is about 55 thousand us dollars.
Another famous tourist area in Indonesia is Lombok. The tourism sector of Lombok employs
6.6% of the population, which is 500 thousand inhabitants of the region. In this island, tourism is one
of the leading sectors of the local economy and accounts for 25% of the region’s GDP. The tourism
sector is characterized by a dynamic growth rate of 15% on average annually, and the average annual
revenue from tourism is equal to 115 million US dollars. The average per capita GDP in Lombok is
about 27 thousand us dollars.
Panama is particularly important for the development of tourist zones. The tourist infrastructure
of Panama includes 35 hotels and resorts. There are also 9 special tourist zones in Panama.
In the Russian Federation, several special economic zones of tourist type operate such as
“Baikal Harbor”, “Turquoise Katun”, “Gates of lake Baikal”, “Curonian spit”, “New Anapa”, “Altai
valley” and “Grand Spa Yutsa”. There are two unique free tourist zones in Georgia: Anaklia and
Kobuleti.
Turkey has established tax-free tourist zones in the coastal provinces of the Aegean and
Mediterranean, in particular in Cesme, Bodrum, Didim, Marmaris and West of Antalya.
For the first time, attempts to create SEZs in the form of tourist zones were made in the mid-
90s, in particular, by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated 02.06.1995.
№1162 “On measures to enhance the participation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the birth of the
Great Silk Road and the development of international tourism in the Republic” in the cities of the Great
Silk Road - Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva and Tashkent, it was supposed to create special open economic
zones for international tourism. This Decree provided a number of benefits for tourist organizations,
including those created with the participation of foreign investors, as well as provided for the
introduction of a simplified customs clearance procedure for foreign tourists at airports and railway
stations in these cities, in accordance with international standards, and the organization of special
customs zones for transit tourists.
Subsequently, on April 25, 1996, the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On free economic
zones” was adopted, regulating the creation and functioning of special economic zones. Since the
adoption of this Law, there have also been several unsuccessful attempts to create free economic zones,
such as “Jizzakh” (1996), “Samarkand” special open economic zone for international tourism (1997),
and the “Nukus” free industrial and economic zone (1998).
And only in 2019, a unique free tourist zone for Uzbekistan was created on the territory of the
Chimgan-Charvak resort and recreation zone of the Tashkent region.
The decree “On the creation of the Charvak free tourist zone” was signed by the President of
the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev on December 5, 2017.
The Decree described the boundaries of the FTZ, with a total area 94,8 thousand hectares,
approved the concept of development areas and development of road-transport, engineering-
communication and production infrastructure on its territory.
Thanks to the implementation of the concept, it is planned to create modern tourist
infrastructure facilities, as well as functional and seasonal recreation areas, which should become a
“reference point for the development of the region” and encourage the development of small and private
businesses.
Not only hotels but also cultural, entertainment, health, shopping facilities and all related
infrastructure have been built on the territory of the zone.
As an experiment, modern energy-saving technologies with the use of alternative and renewable
sources were used in the tourist zone.
On the territory of “Charvak”, video surveillance will work to ensure the safety of tourists. A
system of intelligent transport, emergency assistance, and a geo-information system will be introduced.
It is planned that by 2021 the number of foreign tourists visiting the region will increase to the
forecast 150 thousand, and the export of tourist services will grow to 100 million dollars.
The operation of this zone will contribute to additional investment in the following areas:
International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology
Vol. 29, No. 8s, (2020), pp. 2274-2281
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ISSN: 2005-4238 IJAST
Copyright ⓒ 2020 SERSC
1. Construction of large Parking lots on the territory of the free tourist zone
2. Development of a unified system of internal transport and ensuring their continuous operation
3. Organization of separate sidewalks for pedestrians and the creation of bike paths around the
reservoir
4. Introduction of "tourism Police" and paramedic services to ensure safety and timely medical
care for tourists
5. Organization of call centers to provide quick information to tourists.
Tourist sites and public places will be fully equipped with surveillance cameras.
6. Will be used renewable energy sources (energy of sun and wind).
In our opinion, the creation of free tourist zones in the zone of the Golden ring of tourism in
Uzbekistan will attract more tourists and entrepreneurs to these regions. The main privilege of the
Golden ring is that almost all historical, cultural, religious and pilgrimage monuments and architectural
objects of the country are located in the regions of this range [5]. (Fig. 1)
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