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THE IMPORTANCE OF INNOVATIVE METHODS IN TEACHING
METAPHORS IN BUSINESS ENGLISH DISCOURSE
Mukhammadiyeva Umida Faxriddin qizi
Student of Master’s department
Uzbekistan State World Language University
Modern education requires a new approach to teaching methods in educational
institutions. Definitely it is important to give learners not only good knowledge, but
also giving them opportunity to be able to use it in practice confidently as well. To
teach learners to think independently, make decisions, work in groups, develop
communicative skills, creativity, and the sense of responsibility, teachers have to
apply to new techniques and strategies.
Innovative methods in education is the process of creating, introducing and
disseminating in educational activities new approaches, ideas, methods and
techniques, technologies aimed at updating, modernizing, transforming the
educational process in accordance with the requirements of the time. In particular,
for higher education, it should be decisive for students to form a systematic approach
to the analysis of professional tasks, strategic thinking, and the ability for social
mobility, the desire for self-study, self-education and self-improvement throughout
their active working life.
The term “innovation” comes from the Latin “
novation
”, which means “update”
(or “change”), and the prefix “
in
”, as “in the direction”, if translated literally
“
Innovatio
”– “in the direction of change”.
The very concept of innovation first appeared in scientific research in the 19th
century. Innovation is not just any innovation, but only one that significantly
increases the efficiency of the current system [1]. Accordingly, the development of
innovative processes is a way to ensure the modernization of education, improve its
quality, efficiency and accessibility. Innovations in education are essential, as they
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require a creative approach in the training of teachers, which qualitatively affects the
personal growth of learners. Innovative teaching methods facilitate for creative and
innovative activities of learners, which ultimately account affects the professional
competence of the future specialist. The essence of innovation in teaching and the
innovative methods in learning are, in other words, determined by their dynamism
and activity [2].
The features of innovative methods are as follow:
Table № 1
Taking into account the importance of using innovative methods in teaching
foreign languages it can be shown by the example of learning metaphors of English
business discourse. Discourse itself is understood as a communicative phenomenon
with social, cultural, psychological and other types of contexts introduced into it, and
is also associated with the specifics of the mental activity of the participants in
communication.
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The purpose of business communication is to realize the desire of discourse
participants belonging to one social institution to change the communication situation
in a certain direction and establish qualitatively new relations, taking into account the
cultural, communicative and pragmatic components of the communication process in
business.
Business discourse is a complex formation; it is realized that in business
communication there are several varieties, since it can take place both in oral and
written forms. The boundaries of business discourse look vague, business discourse is
varied. It can highlight business correspondence, documentation, contracts, oral
business negotiations, business meetings and briefings, for example: meetings,
discussions, receptions, telephone conversations, etc.
Since business communication does not imply the presence of emotional
vocabulary, the activation of emotion is conveyed by metaphors, and thus the
author’s feelings are conceptualized in the language. The imagery of the speech of
the subject, who wants to indirectly express his feelings, makes the interlocutor think
logically, think more in order to understand the meaning of what was said. In the
speech of business partners, implicit information is revealed, conveyed in a
metaphorical statement. From the point of view of cognitive science, any metaphor
implements the process of transferring meaning from one word to another or the
projection of knowledge from one conceptual area to another. Metaphor is often seen
as one of the ways to accurately reflect reality in artistic terms. However, the linguist
I.R. Galperin believes that “this notion of accuracy is very relative. It is the metaphor
that creates a concrete image of an abstract concept that makes it possible to interpret
real messages in different ways” [3].
It seems important to distinct the metaphor from other phenomena of the
language in order to highlight it in the textual space and determine its role in this
space. The metaphor forms the basis of our linguistic thinking, i.e. it is important as a
means of conceptualizing the world. According to M. Johnson, “our everyday
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conceptual system, within the framework of which we think and act, is metaphorical
in its essence, the action of a metaphor is not limited to only one sphere of language,
i.e. the sphere of words: the processes of human thinking themselves are largely
metaphorical… Metaphors are as linguistic expressions become possible precisely
because there are metaphors in the conceptual system of a person” [4]. “Metaphor not
only shapes the idea of an object, it also determines the way and style of thinking
about it. A special role in this belongs to key metaphors that set analogies and
associations between different systems of concept [5].
Among the most common business conceptual metaphors are metaphors that are
grouped into different subgroups:
1.
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