Indefinite articles the a / an the with place names the we use the



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13.the indefinite article

Termiz State Pedagogical Institute, Faculty of Primary Education, Department of Primary Education and Sports Educational Work, Part-time Group 21-02, Mirzayev Jamoliddin's Presentation Work Prepared in English



Indefinite articles
the
a / an
the
with
place names
the
we use the with names of:
  • newspapers (the Guardian, the Sun)
  • cinemas (the Odeon, the Rex)
  • theatres (the Empire)
  • museums / art galleries (the Louvre)
  • ships (the Titanic)
  • organisations (the United Nations)
  • rivers (the Thames)
  • oceans / seas (the Atlantic, the Mediterranean Sea)
  • canals (the Panama Canal)
  • groups of Islands (the Bahamas)
  • mountain ranges (the Alps)
  • deserts (the Sahara Desert)
  • countries when they include words such as

  • States, Kingdom, Republic (the USA)
  • names or nouns with of (the Houses of Parliament)
  • geographical terms such as:

  • the Antarctic / Arctic / equator
    the North of Germany BUT northern Germany
    the North / East / South / West

the
the
we don´t use the with names of:
  • countries which don´t include words States, Kingdom,

  • Republic (Germany, India, China) BUT the Netherlands,
    the Gambia, the Vatican
  • streets (Bond Street, Penny Lane, Oxford Street)
  • squares (Trafalgar Square)
  • bridges (London Bridge BUT the Golden Gate Bridge)
  • parks (Hyde Park)
  • railway stations (Euston, King´s Cross)
  • mountains (Mount Everest, Mont Blanc)
  • individual islands (Sicilly)

the
  • lakes (Lake Baikal, Ontario)
  • continents (Europe)
  • restaurants, shops, banks, hotels, etc. Which are named after

  • the people who started them (Harrods, Tony´s Restaurant)
  • cities, towns (London, Paris, Manchester)

a / an
indefinite articles
we use a / an :
a / an
  • when we mention something for the first time

  • (I have got a pencil.)
  • with There is a ... / Is there a ... ?

  • (There is a shop. / Is there a bank near here?)
    A + consonant (spoluhláska)
    AN + vowel (samohláska)

the
definite article
the
we use the :
  • when we mention something again

  • (Bill owns a car and a bike. The car is blue and the bike is red.)
  • nouns that are unique (the sun, the Earth)
  • with superlatives (the best film I have ever seen)

  • BUT
    most + a nounwithout THE
    (most people enjoy going to the theatre)
  • with ordinal numbers (the first, the third, the twelfth)
  • with words day, morning, afternoon and evening

  • BUT
    at night, at noon, at midnight, by day / night

the
  • musical instruments and dances (the guitar, the salsa)
  • names of families (the Jones, the Smiths)
  • titles (the ambasador, the President) BUT

  • not with titles including a proper name
    (Prince Charles)
  • nationalities ending in –sh, -ch, -ese (the Chinese)
  • other nationalities can be used with or without the

  • (the Egyptians / Egyptians)
  • with historical periods / events (the last Ice Age,

  • the Vietnam war BUT World War II)

we use the :
the
we use the :
  • with station, cinema, theatre, library, shop, coast, sea

  • (side), beach, city, country (side), jungle, world, ground,
    weather (They went to the cinema.)

the
we don´t use the :
  • with proper names (Bob is my cousin.)
  • with uncountable and plural nouns when talking about

  • something in general (Coffee is a very popular drink.)
  • with possessive adjectives and possessive case (Nelson´s Column)
  • with names of sports, games, activities, days, months,

  • celebrations, colours, drinks, meals (They are leaving on Sunday.)
  • languages not followed by the word language

  • Italian, French, English
    BUT
    The French language is spoken in Belgium.

the
we don´t use the :
  • with names of illnesses (pneumonia)

  • BUT
    flu / the flu, measles / the measles, mumps / the mumps
  • Mr, Mrs, Captain, Doctor etc. + a name

  • (Mr Johnson, Uncle Robert, Aunt Jane, Princess Anne etc.)
  • with the word work (I start work by 9 o´clock.)
  • with words home, mother, father, etc. when we talk about our

  • own home / parents
  • with by + means of transport (by bus / ferry / train / car / etc.)

  • (We travelled to Athens by train.)

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