2 .6 . Auskultatsiya (eshitib koT ish)
B iro r e l e m e n t te b ra n is h i o q i b a t i d a hosil boMuvchi to v u s h la rn i
e sh itib k o ‘rish yoMi b ila n ichki o rg a n la r n i te k s h iris h usuli a u s k u l t a
tsiya d e b ataladi.
A u s k u lta ts iy a n in g ikki t u r in i farqlaydilar:
1) b evosita au sk u ltatsiy a, b u n d a te k s h iru v c h in in g qulogM b e m o r
b a d a n ig a t o lg ‘rid a n t o ‘g ‘ri q o ‘yiladi;
2) bilvosita a u sk u lta tsiy a , b u n d a to v u s h s te to s k o p y o r d a m i d a
e shitila di. S te t o s k o p d a n ta s h q a r i f o n e n d o s k o p la r h a m qoMlaniladi.
U l a r b e m o r ta n a sig a q o ‘yiladigan v a r o n k a yoki m e m b r a n a l i m axsus
k a m e r a d a n va te k s h iru v c h i qulogMga tiq ib q o ‘y a d ig a n ikki re z in a
1 -rasm .
P e rk u ss iy a .
43
n a y d a n ib o rat boMib, u la r n in g b ir
u c h i d a oliva b o r. F o n e n d o s k o p l a r
t o v u s h n i k u c h a y ti r ib , u n i q i s m a n
o ‘z g a r t i r a d i , b u u l a r n i n g n o q u -
l a y l i g id i r ( 2 - r a s m ) .
A u s k u lta ts iy a y o r d a m i d a o lin a -
d ig a n m a ’l u m o t l a r g a t o kg ‘ri b a h o
b e r is h u c h u n q u y id a g i q o i d a l a r g a
rioya qilish z a ru r. T e k s h irila y o tg a n
b e m o r n i n g k o ‘k r a k q a f a s i o c h i q
2-rasm.
Fonendoskop.
b o ‘lish i k e r a k , c h u n k i s t e t o s k o p
bilan t a n a o ‘rta sid a b i r o r n a r s a n in g
bo 'lish i yoki sh o v q in la r hosil b o ‘lishiga olib keladi. H a t t o t a n a n i n g
s te t o s k o p d a n u z o q d a j o y la s h g a n yeridagi k iy im n in g ish q alan ish i
esh itib k o ‘rilayotgan s o h a d a hosil b o ‘la y o tg an to v u s h n i o ‘zgartirishi
m u m k in . E sh itib k o ‘rilay o tg an j o y l a r d a j u n k o ‘p b o 'l s a , u ste to s -
k o p g a is h q a la n ib , o ‘p k a kasalligida hosil b o ‘lad ig an to v u s h la rg a
o ‘xsh ash to v u s h la r hosil qiladi.
S h u n in g u c h u n eshitib k o ‘rish d an a w a l , j u n bilan q o p la n g a n
yerlam i suv bilan n a m la sh yoki yo g 1 surtish kerak. B e m o r eshitib
ko'rilayotgan x o n a tin ch va issiq boMishi kerak, c h u n k i m u sh ak larn in g
sovuqdan qisqarishi tufayli eshitilgan tovushlar patologik tovushlarga
0
‘xshab ketishi m u m k in . (У р к а eshitib k o ‘rilayotganda b e m o r o g ‘zini
yarim och ib , c h u q u r va b ir tekis nafas olishi kerak. T ekshiruvchi
k o 'k r a k qafasin in g o kng va c h a p to m o n id a g i s im m e tr ik jo y la rd a
eshitilayotgan tovushlar xarakterini chogMshtirib k o ‘rishi kerak.
Y u ra k esh itib k o T ila y o tg a n d a b e m o r d a stla b tik h o l a t d a , s o ‘ng
y o tg a n h o l a t d a boMishi z a ru r. E sh itib k o T ila y o tg a n d a s te to s k o p
k o ‘krak qafasiga tik q o ‘yilishi va u n in g v a r o n k a s i m o n k e n g a y g a n
yeri t a n a y u za sig a z ic h y o p is h ib tu rish i k erak . A ks h o ld a b e m o r
ta n a si b ila n s te to s k o p n in g ta n a g a tegib t u r m a g a n qirrasi o ra s id a n
oMayotgan h a v o to v u s h n i k u c h a y tirish i va u n i n o t o 'g T i aks ettirishi
m u m k i n . S h u b ila n b irg a , k o ‘p i n c h a s t e t o s k o p n i n g te ri u s tid a
sirp a n ish i q o ‘s h i m c h a to v u s h l a r hosil qiladi.
S te to s k o p n i k o ‘k ra k qafasi ustiga k u c h li b o sish m u m k i n e m a s ,
c h u n k i b u h o i k o ‘kra k q a f a s in in g e sh itib k o ‘rila y o tg a n yeridagi
te b ra n ish g a x alaqit b e r a d i va c h u q u r d a jo y la s h g a n t o 'q i m a l a r t e b r a
n is h in i h av o g a , d e m a k , q u l o q q a h a m oMishini su say tirad i. Eshitish
v a q tid a s te to s k o p n i qoM bilan u s h la b tu ris h m u m k i n e m a s , c h u n k i
b a r m o q l a m i n g salgina h a ra k a ti h a m q o 's h i m c h a to v u sh hosil qiladi.
44
3-bob.
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |