И. А. Курбасова Е. И. Силантьева

of traffic [ 'voljum ] объем перевозок

5. network [ 'netwə:k ] n сеть

6. reach [ ri:t∫ ] v достигать

7. however [ hau'evə ] cj однако, тем не менее

8. produce [ prə'dju:s ] v производить; production [ prə'dΛk∫ən ] n производство

9. provide [ prə'vaid ] v обеспечивать; provide for v пре­дусматривать

10. step [ step ] n шаг; take steps предпринимать шаги, меры

11. connect [ kə'nekt ] v соединять, связывать

12. work out [ 'wə:k 'aut ] v разрабатывать

13. plant [ pla:nt ] n завод; power plant электростанция

14. suburban [ sə 'bə:bən ] а пригородный

15. main [ mein] а главный; main line магистральная ли­ния, магистраль

16. branch [ bra:nt∫ ] n ветвь; отрасль; branch line железно­дорожная ветка

17. railway engineering [ ֽ endЗi'niəriŋ ] железнодорожная техника; engine[ 'endЗin ] n

машина, двигатель; локо­мотив

18. attention [ ə'ten∫ən ] n внимание; pay attention (to) обращать внимание (на); attract

attention (to) привле­кать внимание (к)

19. run the service осуществлять перевозки

20. equip [ i'kwip ] v оборудовать, оснащать; equipment [ i'kwipmənt] n оборудование,

оснащение

21. include [ in 'klu:d] v включать (в себя)

22. car [ ka: ] n вагон

23. efficient [ i 'fi∫ənt ] а эффективный

24. necessary [ 'nesisəri ] а необходимый ,

25. carry out [ 'kæri 'aut ] v осуществлять, проводить (опыт и т. д.)

26. hard [ ha:d ] а трудный, тяжелый; твердый

27. condition [ kən'di∫ən ] n условие; состояние

28. besides [ bi'saidz ] adv кроме того; prep кроме

29. take part [ pa:t ] принимать участие

30. effort [ 'efət ] n усилие; make efforts прилагать усилия

Запомните формы нестандартных глаголов:

speak	spoke	spoken	говорить
begin	began	begun	начинать
get	got	got	получать; становиться; добираться (до)
take	took	taken	брать
become	became	become	становиться
put	put	put	класть
pay	paid	paid	платить
write	wrote	written	писать
hold	held	held	держать; проводить (собрание и т. д.)

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
8. Укажите, какие из следующих утверждений содер­жатся в тексте.

1. The Soviet Union is a great rail power because it has a large network of electrified railways. 2. Now the Trans-Siberian Railway is one of the most modern and efficient systems in the world. 3. The Russian engineers contributed to the development of railway transport. 4. The Trans-Sibe­rian Railway was put into service long before the October Socialist Revolution. 5. The introduction of diesel traction became practically possible after 1924. 6. The Soviet rail­ways carry freight and passengers with great safety. 7. Auto­mation and computing machines will stimulate the progress of Soviet railways. 8. The engineers in different countries show much interest in the international railway exhibitions held in the Soviet Union. 9. The BAM Railway is important because it carries a large volume of mineral traffic in Siberia.

9. Определите, какой частью речи являются данные слова.

careful, facilitate, conventional, stabilize, realistic, jus­tify, accumulate, advantageous, finally, distant, corrosion, lengthen, competitive, flexible, evenly, forgetful, computer­ize, permission, remarkable, various, generate, signify.

10. Найдите в тексте производные слова с суффиксами, рассмотренными в упр. 5, и переведите их.
11. Прослушайте сочетания слов и переведите их.

the total length of the railway; the traffic carried by a railway; to carry a small volume of traffic; to provide passengers with many comforts; to provide for the con­struction of power plants; the suburban service; to take steps to full automation; to build a large railway network; to work out a project; industrial centres connected by a railway; a main-line track; to run the service on branch lines; an efficient engine; the construction work carried out in hard conditions; to get all the necessary equipment; an important branch of industry; to take part in the realization of the project; to pay great attention to railway engineering; to attract attention to electric locomotive construction.

10. 
    Переведите сочетания слов на английский язык.
    

свыше 3 км; производство современных локомотивов; разработать план; большой объем перевозок; достигать высокой скорости; осуществлять перевозки; магистраль­ные линии; пригородные линии; соединять крупные города; большая сеть железных дорог; предпринять важный шаг в экономическом развитии; осуществлять перевозки; желез­нодорожная техника; дизельный двигатель; строительство железнодорожной ветки; новое оборудование; проводить эксперимент; привлекать внимание к ЭВМ; трудные усло­вия; грузовой вагон; прилагать усилия; включать все необходимое оборудование; кроме того.
13. Найдите сказуемые в следующих предложениях.

1. The railway built connected Moscow with the Far East. 2. The plan discussed at the conference provides for the electrification of the line. 3. He proposed to make some changes in the project. 4. Allen, who built one of the pio­neer steam locomotives in America, liked to tell about its first run. 5. The railway equipped with automatic signals can carry a larger volume of traffic.

14. Переведите письменно словосочетания с прича­стием II в функции определения; найдите в тексте анало­гичные сочетания и переведите их (абз. 2, 3, 4, 7).

а) the worked out plan; the newly-developed method; the automatically operated railway; the introduced equip­ment; the trains drawn by powerful locomotives; the volume of traffic carried by railways; thanks to the efforts made; because of the steps taken;

б) железная дорога, введенная в эксплуатацию; завод, построенный в Сибири; шаги, предпринятые инженерами; проект, разработанный ученым; завод, оборудованный новыми машинами; усилия, приложенные советскими железнодорожниками.
15. Переведите письменно предложения с причастием II в функции обстоятельства; дайте несколько вариантов перевода, где это возможно. Найдите аналогичные пред­ложения в тексте и переведите их (абз. 4, 5).

1. The works will produce more locomotives if radical­ly reconstructed and equipped with the most modern ma­chinery. 2. When opened for traffic, the Trans-Siberian Railway ran international service between Europe and Asia. 3. The railway, if electrified, will carry a large vol­ume of traffic. 4. When built, the Cherepanovs' locomo­tive was put into operation in the Urals. 5. The locomo­tives will operate with greater safety if equipped with the automatic driver.

16. Перестройте предложения, используя усилитель­ный оборот. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Найдите аналогичные предложения в тексте и переведите их (абз. 5, 6, 9).

1. The GOELRO Plan provided for the construction of many electric power plants in the Soviet Union. 2. The first railway in our country was electrified in 1926. 3. Railway electrification in the USSR began with the Baku-Sabunchi suburban line. 4. Climatic conditions made the construction of the BAM Railway difficult.

17. Проработайте § 7 грамматических пояснений и переведите текст письменно со словарем, обращая внима­ние на функции местоимения it (15 мин.).

It is a well known fact that the GOELRO Plan was worked out in 1920. According to (согласно) the plan many electric power plants were constructed in our country in a very short time. It was a big achievement of the Soviet people. It was at that period that the railway electrifica­tion began. The first electric line was built in the Cauca­sus. It connected Baku with Sabunchi and was used to carry workers to the oil-fields. This line is known as a starting point (отправной пункт) of SZD electrification. Soon it was followed by the Moscow-Mytishchi suburban railway.

It is now recognized (признавать) that the Soviet Union is a highly-developed rail power.

18. Прослушайте вопросы и ответьте на них согласно тексту.

1. Why is the Soviet Union often called a great rail power? 2. Could railways in the early years of the young Soviet Republic carry heavy traffic? Why couldn't they? 3. Why could old Russia be proud of its railway engi­neers? 4. What was provided for in the GOELRO Plan for the further development of rail transport? 5. Was a main or a suburban line first electrified? 6. Where and when was the first main-line diesel locomotive constructed? 7. What makes Soviet railways the most efficient means of transport in our country? 8. What problem does Soviet railways pay special attention to nowadays? 9. What speeds are now practical for the express trains? 10. Why do the international railway exhibitions held in the USSR attract the attention of specialists from abroad? 11. Why was the construction of the BAM Railway of great impor

tance to our country? 12. What factors made the construc­tion of the BAM Railway extremely difficult?

19. Подготовьте сообщения на следующие темы, ис­пользуя сочетания слов, данные в скобках (каждое пред­ложение начинайте с подлежащего).

1. Soviet Railways.

(railway network, total length, volume of traffic, pow­erful locomotives, automation and computing machines, run the high-speed service)

2. The BAM Railway.

(to open up new areas, to shorten the way, hard con­ditions, to make great efforts, to take an active part)

20. Прочтите текст В без словаря (3 мин.) и укажи­те, в каких абзацах говорится о работе Транссибирской железной дороги в наши дни и об экономическом значе­нии этой линии.

21. Найдите в тексте В подтверждение данных выска­зываний.

1. At the beginning of the 20th century travelling by the Trans-Siberian Railway was not safe. 2. Now the Trans-Siberian Railway can carry a large volume of traf­fic. 3. In the future the Trans-Siberian Railway will be­come a more efficient means of communication.