Human resource management practice I also available by michael armstrong

Part 

2

  People and Organizations

150

Job design

Job design specifies the contents of jobs in order to 

satisfy work requirements and meet the personal 

needs of the job holder, thus increasing levels of 

employee engagement.

Jobs and roles

A job is an organizational unit consisting of a group of 

defined tasks or activities to be carried out or duties to 

be performed. A role is the part played by individuals 

and the patterns of behaviour expected of them in 

fulfilling their work requirements. Jobs are about 

tasks, roles are about people.

The job characteristics model

The job characteristics model was developed by 

Hackman and Oldham (1974). They identified five core 

job characteristics: skill variety, task identity, task 

significance, autonomy and feedback.

Approaches to job design

Job design starts with an analysis of task 

requirements, using job analysis techniques.

Role development

Role development is the continuous process through 

which roles are defined or modified as work proceeds 

and evolves.