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Stomach

• J-shaped; widest part of alimentary canal
• Temporary storage and mixing – 4 hours
• Into “chyme”
• Starts food breakdown
• Pepsin (protein-digesting enzyme needing acid environment)
• HCl (hydrochloric acid) helps kill bacteria
• Stomach tolerates high acid content but esophagus doesn’t – why it hurts so much when stomach contents refluxes into esophagus (heartburn; GERD)
• Most nutrients wait until get to small intestine to be absorbed; exceptions are:
• Water, electrolytes, some drugs like aspirin and alcohol (absorbed through stomach)

Stomach

• Lies mostly in upper part of cavity)
• But pain can be epigastric or lower
• Just inferior to (below) diaphragm
• Anterior (in front of) spleen and pancreas
• Tucked (входит) under left lower margin of liver
• Anchored at both ends but mobile in between
• Main regions in drawing to right--------------------------------
• Capacity: 1.5 L food; max capacity 4L

• epigastrium

• junction with esophagus

• funnel shaped

• contains pyloric sphincter

• dome

Stomach Regions

• Cardiac region
• Fundus (dome shaped)
• Body
• Greater curvature
• Lesser curvature
• Pyloric region
• Antrum
• Canal
• Sphincter

• junction with esophagus

• funnel shaped

• contains pyloric sphincter

• dome

Rugae(морщинки): longitudinal folds on internal surface (helps distensibility)

• Rugae(морщинки): longitudinal folds on internal surface (helps distensibility)
• Muscularis: additional innermost oblique layer (along with circular and longitudinal layers)