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Tooth structure

• Two main regions
• Crown (exposed)
• Root (in socket)
• Meet at neck
• Enamel
• 99% calcium crystals
• Hardest substance in body
• Dentin – bulk of the tooth (bone-like but harder than bone, with collagen and mineral)
• Pulp cavity with vessels and nerves
• Root canal: the part of the pulp in the root

• A

• B

• C

Tooth structure

• Cementum – bone layer of tooth root
• Attaches tooth to periodontal ligament
• Periodontal ligament
• Anchors tooth in boney socket of the jaw
• Continuous with gingiva (gums)
• Cavities or caries - rot
• Plaque (верхний слой)– film of sugar, bacteria and debris

• A

• B

• C

Salivary glands (tuboalveolar glands)

• Intrinsic salivary glands – within mucosa
• Secrete saliva all the time to keep mouth moist
• Extrinsic salivary glands
• Paired (2 each)
• Parotid
• Submandibular
• Sublingual
• External to mouth
• Ducts to mouth
• Secrete saliva only right before or during eating

• Saliva: mixture of water, ions, mucus, enzymes
• keep mouth moist
• dissolves food so can be tasted
• moistens food
• starts enzymatic digestion
• buffers acid
• antibacterial and antiviral

Extrinsic salivary glands

• Parotids* - largest (think mumps)
• Facial nerve branch at risk during surgery here
• Submandibular # - medial surface mandible
• Sublingual + - under tongue; floor of mouth

• Compound = duct branches
• Tubo = tubes
• Alveolar = sacs

• *

• #

• +