Uzbekistan state world languages university

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Topics for self-study

I The subject matter of Comparative typology
I 11 islorical development of typology
I I he main parameters of typological categories
I I h unches of typology according to the level of a language
*> Methods of comparative study of language systems
IJST OF THE KEY WORDS OF UNDERSTANDING THE COURSE OF
('0 MPA RATI VE TYPOLOGY OF ENGLISH AND NATIVE LANGUAGES
Comparative Typology as a branch of General Linguistics

1. 
   ('omparative typology is one of the branches of General Linguistics. It iIhiIn with comparison of languages irrespectively of their genetic or structural lilnilily
   

), The origin of the word typology is typos-means «type», logos- means M'U'lenee».
t, Non-Linguistic typology serves as a method of comparison in all sciences lu hides linguistics.
•I, The substantial comparison means thecomparison of some concrete things in objects.
V The non-snbstantial comparison means thecomparison of systems and iltrll elements.
h. Internal approach to language description deals with the cross system of min' concrete language.

7. 
   External approach to language description deals with the cross language • It hcription.
   

It, Panchronically means thecomparison of language systems though they are living or dead.

9. 
   Synchronically means thecomparison of language systems concerning modem period.
   
10. 
    Diachronically means thecomparison of language system I mm nhistorical viewpoints
    

2. 
   Genetic typology is a branch of Comparative typology, which studies the 'linllnrities, and differences of originally related languages.
   

I ' Areal typology is a branch of Comparative typology that studies (using the


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methods of linguistic geography) distribution of linguistic phenomena in the spatial extent and interlingual (interdialectic) interaction.

13. 
    Structural typology is the major branch of Comparative typology and aims to identify structural language types.
    
14. 
    Language universal is a pattern that occurs systematically across natural languages, potentially true for all of them.
    
15. 
    Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding derivationalaffixes to different types of bases.
    
16. 
    Suffixation is the formation of words with the help of suffixes.
    
17. 
    Prefixation is the formation of words with the help of prefixes.
    
18. 
    Contrastive linguistics is a practice-oriented linguistic approach that seeks to describe the differences and similarities between a pair of languages (hence it is occasionally called "differential linguistics").
    

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Seminar 1
(omparative typology as a branch of General Linguistics
► ('lassroom activities