Present Simple Hozirgi oddiy zamon quyidagi holatlarda ishlatiladi

-MASCULINE (He-men and boys, animals {qochonki ularni jinsini bilgan taqdirda}),
-FEMININE (She-women and girls, countries, ships and vehicle{ muhabbat va hurmat bilan tilga
olganda}, animals {qochonki ularni jinsini bilgan taqdirda}),
-NEUTRAL (It- things, babies and animals {qochonki ularni jinsini bilgan taqdirda}
4. Kasb, ijtimoiy mavqe va va shu kabi otlarning katta-ko’pchiligi erkak va ayol uchun bir xil shaklga ega:
(teacher, student, doctor, director...)
BUT: Shunga qaramay, ba’zi otlarda bu farq qiladi:

1.actor-actress
2.(bride) groom-bride
3.duke-duchess
4.emperor-empress
5.heir-heiress
6.hero-heroine
7.host-hostess
8.manager-managress{old-fashioned}
9.monk-nun
10.prince-princess
11.waiter-waitress
12.widower-widow
13.policeman-policewoman
14.lord-lady
15.king-queen
16.brother-sister
17.nephew-niece
18.son-daughter
19.uncle-aunt
20.landlord-landlady
21.father-mother
22.boy-girl

Countable and Uncountable nouns(Sanaldigan va sanalmaydigan otlar)

1. Donalab sanab bo’ladigan otlar sanaladigan otlar hisoblanadi. Ular birlik va ko’plikda ishlatiladi: a book-three books
a) Birlikda kelgan donalab sanaladian otlar yakka o’zi ishlatilmaydi. Ularning oldidan a, an, the, my, Tom’s ...kabi
ko’rsatkichlardan biri keladi:
For.ex: I want an apple
b) The Plural of Nouns. Otlarda ko’plikdagi shakli ikki yoki undan ortiq buyumlarni yoki shaxslarni ifodalaydi, va asosan u ko’plik qo’shimchasi –(e)s {-lar} orqali yasaladi.
1. Ingliz tilida otlarning ko’pchiligining ko’pligi ularga –s qo’shimchasini qo’shish bilan yasaladi: a chair-two chairs, ....
2. Otning oxirgi harflari –s, -ss, -x, -ch, -sh, or –z bilan tugasa, –es qo’shimchasi qo’shiladi: a bus-two buses, a glass-three glasses, a fox-three foxes, a torch-torches, a brush-two brushes, a buzz- buzzes