Physiological functions of the liver



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8. LIVER & G.Bladder55 (1)

Bile acids

  • Bile acid :Primary bile acids are produced by hepatocytes from cholesterol. They are cholic acid & chenodeoxycholic acid.
  • They reach duodenum through bile and in the small intestine and colon they are converted into secondary bile acids- deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid by bacterial action.

Bile salts

  • Bile acids are first conjugated with taurine and glycine and then they form bile salts in combination with Na or K= Sodium taurocholate & glycocholates and Potassium taurocholate and glycocholate.

Functions of bile salts

  • Emulsification and digestion of fats.
  • Stimulate formation of bile by hepatocytes=choleretic action
  • Stimulate release of bile from gall bladder= cholegauge action
  • Absorption of fats
  • Laxative action
  • Form route for removal of cholesterol

Bile pigments

  • They are excretory products in the bile.
  • Formed by breakdown of Hb in RES.
  • Bilirubin is transported to liver along with plasma proteins(= unconjugated ).
  • Protein get separated and bilirubin gets conjugated with glucuronic acid(= conjugated ).
  • In intestine, bacteria act &50%of it is converted to bilinogen.

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